AUTHOR=Coelho André B. , Nakamura Fábio Y. , Morgado Micaela C. , Alves Francisco , Di Baldassarre Angela , Flatt Andrew , Rama Luis 

TITLE=Prediction of Simulated 1,000 m Kayak Ergometer Performance in Young Athletes

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Public Health

VOLUME=8

YEAR=2021

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/public-health/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2020.526477

DOI=10.3389/fpubh.2020.526477

ISSN=2296-2565

ABSTRACT=<p>This study aimed to develop a predictive explanatory model for the 1,000-m time-trial (TT) performance in young national-level kayakers, from biomechanical and physiological parameters assessed in a maximal graded exercise test (GXT). Twelve young male flat-water kayakers (age 16.1 ± 1.1 years) participated in the study. The design consisted of 2 exercise protocols, separated by 48 h, on a kayak ergometer. The first protocol consisted of a GXT starting at 8 km.h<sup>−1</sup> with increments in speed of 1 km.h<sup>−1</sup> at each 2-min interval until exhaustion. The second protocol comprised the 1,000-m TT.</p><p><bold>Results:</bold> In the GXT, they reached an absolute <inline-formula><mml:math id="M1" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mover accent="true"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>V</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mo>∙</mml:mo></mml:mover></mml:math></inline-formula><italic>O</italic><sub>2<italic>max</italic></sub> of 3.5 ± 0.7 (L.min<sup>−1</sup>), a maximum aerobic power (MAP) of 138.5 ± 24.5 watts (W) and a maximum aerobic speed (MAS) of 12.8 ± 0.5 km/h. The TT had a mean duration of 292.3 ± 15 s, a power output of 132.6 ± 22.0 W and a <inline-formula><mml:math id="M2" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mover accent="true"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>V</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mo>∙</mml:mo></mml:mover></mml:math></inline-formula><italic>O</italic><sub>2<italic>max</italic></sub> of 3.5 ± 0.6 (L.min<sup>−1</sup>). The regression model [TT (s) = 413.378–0.433 × (MAP)−0.554 × (stroke rate at MAP)] presented an <italic>R</italic><sup>2</sup> = 84.5%.</p><p><bold>Conclusion:</bold> It was found that <inline-formula><mml:math id="M3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mover accent="true"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>V</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mo>∙</mml:mo></mml:mover></mml:math></inline-formula><italic>O</italic><sub>2<italic>max</italic></sub>, stroke distance and stroke rate during the GXT were not different from the corresponding variables (<inline-formula><mml:math id="M4" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mover accent="true"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>V</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mo>∙</mml:mo></mml:mover></mml:math></inline-formula><italic>O</italic><sub>2<italic>peak</italic></sub>, stroke distance and stroke rate) observed during the TT. The MAP and the corresponding stroke rate were strong predicting factors of 1,000 m TT performance. In conclusion, the TT can be useful for quantifying biomechanical parameters (stroke distance and stroke rate) and to monitor training induced changes in the cardiorespiratory fitness (<inline-formula><mml:math id="M5" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mover accent="true"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>V</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mo>∙</mml:mo></mml:mover></mml:math></inline-formula><italic>O</italic><sub>2<italic>max</italic></sub>).</p>