AUTHOR=Böttcher Adriana , Zarucha Alexis , Köbe Theresa , Gaubert Malo , Höppner Angela , Altenstein Slawek , Bartels Claudia , Buerger Katharina , Dechent Peter , Dobisch Laura , Ewers Michael , Fliessbach Klaus , Freiesleben Silka Dawn , Frommann Ingo , Haynes John Dylan , Janowitz Daniel , Kilimann Ingo , Kleineidam Luca , Laske Christoph , Maier Franziska , Metzger Coraline , Munk Matthias H. J. , Perneczky Robert , Peters Oliver , Priller Josef , Rauchmann Boris-Stephan , Roy Nina , Scheffler Klaus , Schneider Anja , Spottke Annika , Teipel Stefan J. , Wiltfang Jens , Wolfsgruber Steffen , Yakupov Renat , Düzel Emrah , Jessen Frank , Röske Sandra , Wagner Michael , Kempermann Gerd , Wirth Miranka 

TITLE=Musical Activity During Life Is Associated With Multi-Domain Cognitive and Brain Benefits in Older Adults

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Psychology

VOLUME=13

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychology/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.945709

DOI=10.3389/fpsyg.2022.945709

ISSN=1664-1078

ABSTRACT=<p>Regular musical activity as a complex multimodal lifestyle activity is proposed to be protective against age-related cognitive decline and Alzheimer’s disease. This cross-sectional study investigated the association and interplay between musical instrument playing during life, multi-domain cognitive abilities and brain morphology in older adults (OA) from the DZNE-Longitudinal Cognitive Impairment and Dementia Study (DELCODE) study. Participants reporting having played a musical instrument across three life periods (<italic>n</italic> = 70) were compared to controls without a history of musical instrument playing (<italic>n</italic> = 70), well-matched for reserve proxies of education, intelligence, socioeconomic status and physical activity. Participants with musical activity outperformed controls in global cognition, working memory, executive functions, language, and visuospatial abilities, with no effects seen for learning and memory. The musically active group had greater gray matter volume in the somatosensory area, but did not differ from controls in higher-order frontal, temporal, or hippocampal volumes. However, the association between gray matter volume in distributed frontal-to-temporal regions and cognitive abilities was enhanced in participants with musical activity compared to controls. We show that playing a musical instrument during life relates to better late-life cognitive abilities and greater brain capacities in OA. Musical activity may serve as a multimodal enrichment strategy that could help preserve cognitive and brain health in late life. Longitudinal and interventional studies are needed to support this notion.</p>