AUTHOR=Xu Shan , Zhang Shen , Geng Haiyan 

TITLE=The Effect of Eye Contact Is Contingent on Visual Awareness

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Psychology

VOLUME=9

YEAR=2018

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychology/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00093

DOI=10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00093

ISSN=1664-1078

ABSTRACT=<p>The present study explored how eye contact at different levels of visual awareness influences gaze-induced joint attention. We adopted a spatial-cueing paradigm, in which an averted gaze was used as an uninformative central cue for a joint-attention task. Prior to the onset of the averted-gaze cue, either supraliminal (Experiment 1) or subliminal (Experiment 2) eye contact was presented. The results revealed a larger subsequent gaze-cueing effect following supraliminal eye contact compared to a <italic>no-contact</italic> condition. In contrast, the gaze-cueing effect was smaller in the subliminal <italic>eye-contact</italic> condition than in the <italic>no-contact</italic> condition. These findings suggest that the facilitation effect of eye contact on coordinating social attention depends on visual awareness. Furthermore, subliminal eye contact might have an impact on subsequent social attention processes that differ from supraliminal eye contact. This study highlights the need to further investigate the role of eye contact in implicit social cognition.</p>