AUTHOR=Rauss Karsten , Pourtois Gilles TITLE=What is Bottom-Up and What is Top-Down in Predictive Coding? JOURNAL=Frontiers in Psychology VOLUME=4 YEAR=2013 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychology/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00276 DOI=10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00276 ISSN=1664-1078 ABSTRACT=

Everyone knows what bottom-up is, and how it is different from top-down. At least one is tempted to think so, given that both terms are ubiquitously used, but only rarely defined in the psychology and neuroscience literature. In this review, we highlight the problems and limitations of our current understanding of bottom-up and top-down processes, and we propose a reformulation of this distinction in terms of predictive coding.