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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Psychiatry
Sec. Public Mental Health
Volume 15 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1486402
This article is part of the Research Topic Environmental Risk Factors for Depression: Unveiling Pathways to Resilience and Public Mental Health Equity View all 3 articles

Association of Metalloestrogens Exposure with Depression in Women across Reproductive Lifespan

Provisionally accepted
Junjie Ren Junjie Ren 1Wanxin Wu Wanxin Wu 1*Jia Li Jia Li 1*Qifang Hu Qifang Hu 2*Mi Zhang Mi Zhang 1*Jing Wang Jing Wang 3*Xiaoming Li Xiaoming Li 1*Yanwen Li Yanwen Li 4*Binbin Huang Binbin Huang 1*
  • 1 Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
  • 2 Shenzhen Clinical Medical School, Shenzhen, China
  • 3 Shanghai University of Engineering Sciences, Shanghai, Shanghai Municipality, China
  • 4 Clinical Laboratory Shenzhen Longhua Maternity and child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Background: Exposure to metal could impact women's depression risk. However, the connection and mechanisms between metalloestrogens exposure and depression are still not fully understood.We aim to explore the associations between metalloestrogens and the risk of depression in women across reproductive lifespan.Methods: Using data from NHANES 2011-2018, we employed logistic regression and baknernel machine regression (BKMR) to study links between metalloestrogen exposure and depression in US women. We analyzed how contraceptive use affects this relationship.The study involved 3,374 adult women, with 345 of them experiencing depression. Our research revealed that certain metalloestrogens like Ba, Ca, Pb, Sb, and Sn were linked to higher depression risk in women, while Hg was associated with lower depression risk in older women. For women aged 18-44, a blend of metalloestrogens showed a significant positive correlation with depression risk, and the likelihood of depression in later years notably rose when the metal mixture concentration reached or exceeded the 60th percentile. Oral contraceptives would have an effect on the impact of metalloestrogen mixture exposure on depression in women during the reproductive stage.Our study indicates a significant link between metalloestrogen exposure and a higher risk of depression in adult women in the United States. This finding can aid in identifying the connection and enhancing women's mental well-being.

    Keywords: Metalloestrogens, Depression, Women, BKMR, NHANES

    Received: 26 Aug 2024; Accepted: 15 Nov 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Ren, Wu, Li, Hu, Zhang, Wang, Li, Li and Huang. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence:
    Wanxin Wu, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
    Jia Li, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
    Qifang Hu, Shenzhen Clinical Medical School, Shenzhen, China
    Mi Zhang, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
    Jing Wang, Shanghai University of Engineering Sciences, Shanghai, 200336, Shanghai Municipality, China
    Xiaoming Li, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
    Yanwen Li, Clinical Laboratory Shenzhen Longhua Maternity and child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, China
    Binbin Huang, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.