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BRIEF RESEARCH REPORT article

Front. Psychiatry
Sec. Psychological Therapy and Psychosomatics
Volume 15 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1412264
This article is part of the Research Topic Association of Cardiovascular Diseases with Neuropsychiatric Symptoms View all articles

Psychometric validation of the Cardiac Distress Inventory - Short Form among people with cardiac diseases in Hong Kong

Provisionally accepted
Ted C.T. Fong Ted C.T. Fong 1*Ian C.H. Leung Ian C.H. Leung 1Chun Ka Wong Chun Ka Wong 1Alun Conrad Jackson Alun Conrad Jackson 2Rainbow Tin Hung Ho Rainbow Tin Hung Ho 1*
  • 1 The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, SAR China
  • 2 Australian Centre for Heart Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Objectives: Cardiac patients experience various somatic and psychosocial symptoms and stress is an important prognostic factor of cardiac rehabilitation. This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the 12-item Cardiac Distress Inventory – Short Form (CDI-SF) in the Chinese context. Methods: A total of 227 patients with cardiac diseases were recruited in a specialist outpatient clinic in Hong Kong between Aug 2022 and July 2023. The participants completed the CDI-SF and validated measures on psychosocial functioning and quality of life. Exploratory factor analysis and partial correlation analysis were conducted to examine the factorial validity, reliability, and convergent validity of the CDI-SF with reference to validating measures. Results: The 1-factor model showed adequate model fit with excellent composite reliability (ω = .92) and substantial factor loadings (λ = .64 – .94, p < .01). The CDI-SF factor was negatively associated with age (r = –.21, p < .01) and showed positive and strong partial correlations (r = .59 – .69, p < .01) with impact of event, depression, and burnout, and negative partial correlations (r = -.43 to -.54, p < .01) with resilience and quality of life. Conclusion: Our study provides the first results on the psychometric properties of the CDI-SF among cardiac patients in Hong Kong. The psychometric results support the CDI-SF as a precise, valid, and reliable measure of cardiac distress in the Chinese context.

    Keywords: Cardiac Distress Inventory, Cardiac Rehabilitation, Chinese, Psychometrics, Reliability, resilience, validity

    Received: 04 Apr 2024; Accepted: 29 Nov 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Fong, Leung, Wong, Jackson and Ho. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence:
    Ted C.T. Fong, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, SAR China
    Rainbow Tin Hung Ho, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, SAR China

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.