AUTHOR=Lan Xian-Jun , Cai Dong-Bin , Liu Qi-Man , Qin Zhen-Juan , Pridmore Saxby , Zheng Wei , Xiang Yu-Tao 

TITLE=Stanford neuromodulation therapy for treatment-resistant depression: a systematic review

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Psychiatry

VOLUME=14

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychiatry/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1290364

DOI=10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1290364

ISSN=1664-0640

ABSTRACT=<sec id="sec1"><title>Objective</title><p>This systematic review of randomized controlled studies (RCTs) and observational studies evaluated the efficacy and safety of stanford neuromodulation therapy (SNT) for patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD).</p></sec><sec id="sec2"><title>Methods</title><p>A systematic search (up to 25 September, 2023) of RCTs and single-arm prospective studies was conducted.</p></sec><sec id="sec3"><title>Results</title><p>One RCT (<italic>n</italic> = 29) and three single-arm prospective studies (<italic>n</italic> = 34) met the study entry criteria. In the RCT, compared to sham, active SNT was significantly associated with higher rates of antidepressant response (71.4% versus 13.3%) and remission (57.1% versus 0%). Two out of the three single-arm prospective studies reported the percentage of antidepressant response after completing SNT, ranging from 83.3% (5/6) to 90.5% (19/21). In the three single-arm prospective studies, the antidepressant remission rates ranged from 66.7% (4/6) to 90.5% (19/21). No severe adverse events occurred in all the four studies.</p></sec><sec id="sec4"><title>Conclusion</title><p>This systematic review found SNT significantly improved depressive symptoms in patients with TRD within 5 days, without severe adverse events.</p></sec>