AUTHOR=Guo Wang , Li Yu-xuan , Zhang Yi , Lv Xue-rui , Wang Sheng-xue , Zhang Shuang-yuan , Wang En-si , Chen Xin-jie , Li Yun 

TITLE=Risk analysis of depression among adult patients with epilepsy of different sex: a retrospective single-center study from China

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Psychiatry

VOLUME=14

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychiatry/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1283983

DOI=10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1283983

ISSN=1664-0640

ABSTRACT=<sec id="sec1"><title>Objective</title><p>To determine sex differences in the prevalence of depression and assess the risk factors for depression among adult patients with epilepsy from the Dali area of China.</p></sec><sec id="sec2"><title>Methods</title><p>We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of adult patients with epilepsy who visited the First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University from January 2017 to January 2022. Patient Health Questionnaire-9 was used to assess depressive symptoms in patients with epilepsy. The risk factors of depression were analyzed by binary logistic regression among different sex in patients with epilepsy.</p></sec><sec id="sec3"><title>Results</title><p>There were significant sex differences in depression in patients with epilepsy (<italic>p &lt;</italic> 0.001), and females were 4.27 times more likely to suffer from depression than males (95% confidence interval: 3.70–4.92). The risk factors for depression among female patients with epilepsy included occupation (<italic>p &lt;</italic> 0.001), years with epilepsy (<italic>p &lt;</italic> 0.001), seizure frequency (<italic>p &lt;</italic> 0.001), seizure type (<italic>p &lt;</italic> 0.001), etiology (<italic>p &lt;</italic> 0.001), number of antiseizure medications used (<italic>p &lt;</italic> 0.001), antiseizure medications (<italic>p &lt;</italic> 0.001), and electroencephalogram findings (<italic>p &lt;</italic> 0.001). The risk factors for depression among male patients with epilepsy included age (<italic>p &lt;</italic> 0.001), ethnicity (<italic>p &lt;</italic> 0.001), occupation (<italic>p &lt;</italic> 0.001), years with epilepsy (<italic>p &lt;</italic> 0.001), seizure frequency (<italic>p &lt;</italic> 0.001), seizure type (<italic>p &lt;</italic> 0.001), etiology (<italic>p &lt;</italic> 0.001), number of antiseizure medications used (<italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.001), antiseizure medications (<italic>p &lt;</italic> 0.001), and electroencephalogram findings (<italic>p &lt;</italic> 0.001).</p></sec><sec id="sec4"><title>Conclusion</title><p>Adult female patients with epilepsy had a higher risk of depression than adult male patients with epilepsy. There were sex differences in the risk factors associated with depression among patients with epilepsy.</p></sec>