AUTHOR=Paschou Peristera , Jin Yin , Müller-Vahl Kirsten , Möller Harald E. , Rizzo Renata , Hoekstra Pieter J. , Roessner Veit , Mol Debes Nanette , Worbe Yulia , Hartmann Andreas , Mir Pablo , Cath Danielle , Neuner Irene , Eichele Heike , Zhang Chencheng , Lewandowska Katarzyna , Munchau Alexander , Verrel Julius , Musil Richard , Silk Tim J. , Hanlon Colleen A. , Bihun Emily D. , Brandt Valerie , Dietrich Andrea , Forde Natalie , Ganos Christos , Greene Deanna J. , Chu Chunguang , Grothe Michel J. , Hershey Tamara , Janik Piotr , Koller Jonathan M. , Martin-Rodriguez Juan Francisco , Müller Karsten , Palmucci Stefano , Prato Adriana , Ramkiran Shukti , Saia Federica , Szejko Natalia , Torrecuso Renzo , Tumer Zeynep , Uhlmann Anne , Veselinovic Tanja , Wolańczyk Tomasz , Zouki Jade-Jocelyne , Jain Pritesh , Topaloudi Apostolia , Kaka Mary , Yang Zhiyu , Drineas Petros , Thomopoulos Sophia I. , White Tonya , Veltman Dick J. , Schmaal Lianne , Stein Dan J. , Buitelaar Jan , Franke Barbara , van den Heuvel Odile , Jahanshad Neda , Thompson Paul M. , Black Kevin J. TITLE=Enhancing neuroimaging genetics through meta-analysis for Tourette syndrome (ENIGMA-TS): A worldwide platform for collaboration JOURNAL=Frontiers in Psychiatry VOLUME=13 YEAR=2022 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychiatry/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.958688 DOI=10.3389/fpsyt.2022.958688 ISSN=1664-0640 ABSTRACT=

Tourette syndrome (TS) is characterized by multiple motor and vocal tics, and high-comorbidity rates with other neuropsychiatric disorders. Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), major depressive disorder (MDD), and anxiety disorders (AXDs) are among the most prevalent TS comorbidities. To date, studies on TS brain structure and function have been limited in size with efforts mostly fragmented. This leads to low-statistical power, discordant results due to differences in approaches, and hinders the ability to stratify patients according to clinical parameters and investigate comorbidity patterns. Here, we present the scientific premise, perspectives, and key goals that have motivated the establishment of the Enhancing Neuroimaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis for TS (ENIGMA-TS) working group. The ENIGMA-TS working group is an international collaborative effort bringing together a large network of investigators who aim to understand brain structure and function in TS and dissect the underlying neurobiology that leads to observed comorbidity patterns and clinical heterogeneity. Previously collected TS neuroimaging data will be analyzed jointly and integrated with TS genomic data, as well as equivalently large and already existing studies of highly comorbid OCD, ADHD, ASD, MDD, and AXD. Our work highlights the power of collaborative efforts and transdiagnostic approaches, and points to the existence of different TS subtypes. ENIGMA-TS will offer large-scale, high-powered studies that will lead to important insights toward understanding brain structure and function and genetic effects in TS and related disorders, and the identification of biomarkers that could help inform improved clinical practice.