AUTHOR=Xiao Shuheng , Liu Shuai , Zhang Puxiao , Yu Jia , A Huaihong , Wu Hui , Zhang Fabin , Xiao Yulan , Ma Naiben , Zhang Xiuqin , Ma Xiaoxia , Li Junfeng , Wang Xiaodun , Shao Xin , Liu Wenjing , Zhang Xiaolin , Wu Wei , Wang Lihua , Wu Rihan , He Yinglian , Xu Zeyu , Chi Luhao , Du Shixu , Zhang Bin 

TITLE=The Association Between Depressive Symptoms and Insomnia in College Students in Qinghai Province: The Mediating Effect of Rumination

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Psychiatry

VOLUME=12

YEAR=2021

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychiatry/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.751411

DOI=10.3389/fpsyt.2021.751411

ISSN=1664-0640

ABSTRACT=<p><bold>Background:</bold> This study investigates the mediating effect of rumination on the associations between depressive symptoms and insomnia.</p><p><bold>Methods:</bold> This is a cross-sectional study. Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Ruminant Response Scale (RRS) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were determined in 12,178 college students in Qinghai province by a questionnaire network platform.</p><p><bold>Results:</bold> The prevalence of insomnia was 38.6% in the participants. Insomnia symptoms [interquartile range: 6 (3, 9)], depressive symptoms [interquartile range: 5 (1, 9)], and rumination [interquartile range: 22 (20, 26)] were positively correlated (<italic>r</italic> = 0.25–0.46, <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.01). Mediation effect analysis showed that the depressive symptoms affected insomnia directly and indirectly. The direct effect and the indirect effect through rumination account for 92.4 and 7.6% of the total effect, respectively.</p><p><bold>Conclusion:</bold> The study shows that insomnia, depressive symptoms, and rumination are related constructs in college students in Qinghai province. It demonstrates the direct effects and the rumination-mediated indirect effects between depressive symptoms and insomnia; the direct effects seem to be dominant.</p>