AUTHOR=Castellini Greta , Palamenghi Lorenzo , Savarese Mariarosaria , Barello Serena , Leone Salvatore , Previtali Enrica , Armuzzi Alessandro , Graffigna Guendalina 

TITLE=Patient Engagement in Health Management as a Mediator Between Perceived Risk and COVID-19 Related Distress in Patients With IBD: A Structural Equation Model

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Psychiatry

VOLUME=12

YEAR=2021

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychiatry/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.733544

DOI=10.3389/fpsyt.2021.733544

ISSN=1664-0640

ABSTRACT=<p><bold>Objective:</bold> This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 emergency on patients with IBD's psychological distress, understanding the role of patient engagement as a mediator.</p><p><bold>Methods:</bold> An online questionnaire was created, measuring perceived risk susceptibility toward COVID-19, perceived stress, and patient engagement. The questionnaire was distributed to a purposive sample of IBD patients who belonged to the Italian Association for patients with IBD (AMICI Onlus) in April 2020. Structural equation models were implemented.</p><p><bold>Results:</bold> The effect of the perceived risk susceptibility toward COVID-19 contagion on the perceived stress is fully mediated by patient engagement (β = 0.306, <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.001). Moreover, the patient engagement mitigates the perceived stress (β = −0.748, <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.001) in our sample of IBD patients, and it is negatively influenced by the perceived risk susceptibility toward COVID-19 (β = −0.410, <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.001).</p><p><bold>Conclusion:</bold> Patient engagement is the key factor that explains how the perceived risk susceptibility toward COVID-19 affects the perceived psychological distress in patients with IBD, underlining that the perceived risk of contagion increases their perceived level of stress through a decrease of patient engagement.</p>