AUTHOR=Gutiérrez Fernando , Peri Josep M. , Gárriz Miguel , Vall Gemma , Arqué Estela , Ruiz Laura , Condomines Jaume , Calvo Natalia , Ferrer Marc , Sureda Bárbara 

TITLE=Integration of the ICD-11 and DSM-5 Dimensional Systems for Personality Disorders Into a Unified Taxonomy With Non-overlapping Traits

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Psychiatry

VOLUME=12

YEAR=2021

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychiatry/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.591934

DOI=10.3389/fpsyt.2021.591934

ISSN=1664-0640

ABSTRACT=<p>The promise of replacing the diagnostic categories of personality disorder with a better-grounded system has been only partially met. We still need to understand whether our main dimensional taxonomies, those of the <italic>International Classification of Diseases</italic>, 11th Revision (<italic>ICD-11</italic>) and the <italic>Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders</italic>, Fifth Edition (<italic>DSM-5</italic>), are the same or different, and elucidate whether a unified structure is possible. We also need truly independent pathological domains, as they have shown unacceptable overlap so far. To inquire into these points, the Personality Inventory for <italic>DSM-5</italic> (PID-5) and the Personality Inventory for <italic>ICD-11</italic> (PiCD) were administered to 677 outpatients. Disattenuated correlation coefficients between 0.84 and 0.93 revealed that both systems share four analogous traits: negative affectivity, detachment, dissociality/antagonism, and disinhibition. These traits proved scalar equivalence too, such that scores in the two questionnaires are roughly interchangeable. These four domains plus psychoticism formed a theoretically consistent and well-fitted five-factor structure, but they overlapped considerably, thereby reducing discriminant validity. Only after the extraction of a general personality disorder factor (g-PD) through bifactor analysis, we could attain a comprehensive model bearing mutually independent traits.</p>