AUTHOR=Wang Zhiyan , Cai Xiaodong , Qiu Rirang , Yao Chen , Tian Ye , Gong Chen , Zhang Yingli , Xu Bin , Zhang Doudou , Zang Yu , Liu Jiali , Peng Bo , Li Luming TITLE=Case Report: Lateral Habenula Deep Brain Stimulation for Treatment-Resistant Depression JOURNAL=Frontiers in Psychiatry VOLUME=11 YEAR=2021 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychiatry/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.616501 DOI=10.3389/fpsyt.2020.616501 ISSN=1664-0640 ABSTRACT=

Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is a chronic and severe psychiatric illness associated with limited therapeutic options. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a promising therapy for TRD patients. However, its safety and efficacy are still unclear. Here we reported the safety and efficacy of lateral habenula (LHb) DBS for a TRD patient who had failed medical, psychological, electroconvulsive, and ketamine therapy. The DBS system is compatible with 3T magnetic resonance imaging along with local field potential (LFP) streaming. Two DBS electrodes were implanted at the bilateral LHb without any complication. The patient showed acute stimulation effects and achieved long-term improvements in his depression, anxiety, and sleep with left LHb 160 Hz frequency stimulation, accompanying the change of LFPs. These results provided clinical evidence toward the safety and efficacy and electrophysiological basis of LHb DBS for TRD.