AUTHOR=Gleason Georgia , Zupan Bojana , Toth Miklos TITLE=Maternal Genetic Mutations as Gestational and Early Life Influences in Producing Psychiatric Disease-Like Phenotypes in Mice JOURNAL=Frontiers in Psychiatry VOLUME=2 YEAR=2011 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychiatry/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2011.00025 DOI=10.3389/fpsyt.2011.00025 ISSN=1664-0640 ABSTRACT=
Risk factors for psychiatric disorders have traditionally been classified as genetic or environmental. Risk (candidate) genes, although typically possessing small effects, represent a clear starting point to elucidate downstream cellular/molecular pathways of disease. Environmental effects, especially during development, can also lead to altered behavior and increased risk for disease. An important environmental factor is the mother, demonstrated by the negative effects elicited by maternal gestational stress and altered maternal care. These maternal effects can also have a genetic basis (e.g., maternal genetic variability and mutations). The focus of this review is “maternal genotype effects” that influence the emotional development of the offspring resulting in life-long psychiatric disease-like phenotypes. We have recently found that genetic inactivation of the serotonin 1A receptor (5-HT1AR) and the