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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Plant Sci.
Sec. Plant Bioinformatics
Volume 15 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1520033
This article is part of the Research Topic Evolutionary Dynamics, Functional Variation and Application of Plant Organellar Genome View all 7 articles

Comprehensive Analysis of the Mitochondrial Genome of Iris domestica Emphasizing Multichromosomal Organization and Repeat-Mediated Homologous Recombination

Provisionally accepted
Lizhi Ouyang Lizhi Ouyang 1Xinyu Li Xinyu Li 1Ruili Wang Ruili Wang 2Yixuan Chen Yixuan Chen 1Shuo Wang Shuo Wang 1Jianfang Wang Jianfang Wang 1Yelin Tian Yelin Tian 1*
  • 1 Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, Beijing Municipality, China
  • 2 Inner Mongolia Academy of Science and Technology, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Background: Iris domestica is a perennial herb valued for both its ornamental and medicinal properties. Despite its significance, no comprehensive analysis of its mitochondrial genome has been previously reported. Plant mitochondrial genomes are known for their large size, structural complexity, and frequent recombination events. This study aims to provide the first complete assembly and characterization of the mitochondrial genome of I. domestica, with a focus on its structure, gene content, repeat elements, and RNA editing sites.We used GetOrganelle and Unicycler software to hybrid assemble Nanopore and Illumina data to obtain the mitochondrial genome of I. domestica. The mitochondrial genome of I. domestica consists of four contigs: contig1 (222,498 bp), contig2 (90,780 bp), contig3 (42,563 bp), and contig4 (39,247 bp). Two repeat sequences, R1 (7,784 bp) and R2 (3,519 bp), facilitate the conformation of three circular chromosomes, suggesting a complex multi-chromosomal structure. A total of 34 protein-coding genes, including 24 core genes and 10 non-core genes were identified. Analysis of tandem repeat elements revealed significant variability, with Chromosome 1 showing the highest diversity of SSRs and scattered repeats. Additionally, 20 homologous fragments were identified between the mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes, accounting for 1.10% of the mitochondrial genome.Phylogenetic analysis based on 24 conserved mitochondrial genes placed I. domestica in close relation to Iris domestica and Crocus sativus. Furthermore, 545 RNA editing sites were identified, with notable variations across genes, suggesting that RNA editing plays a significant role in regulating mitochondrial gene expression.The complete assembly of the I. domestica mitochondrial genome reveals a complex multichromosomal structure characterized by recombination events. The high number of RNA editing sites and the presence of transferred plastid DNA highlight the dynamic nature of the genome, contributing to its adaptability and evolution. These findings provide a genetic foundation into the plant's medicinal properties, adaptive mechanisms, and potential for environmental resilience.

    Keywords: plant mitochondrial genome, Belamcanda chinensis, genomic structure, Multichromosomal chromosome, Homologous Recombination

    Received: 30 Oct 2024; Accepted: 25 Nov 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Ouyang, Li, Wang, Chen, Wang, Wang and Tian. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Yelin Tian, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, Beijing Municipality, China

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