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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Plant Sci.
Sec. Functional and Applied Plant Genomics
Volume 15 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1494566

Evaluation of stripe rust resistance and analysis of resistance genes in wheat genotypes from Pakistan and Southwest China

Provisionally accepted
Sakina Abbas Sakina Abbas 1,2*Li Yunfang Li Yunfang 1Lu Jing Lu Jing 1Hu Jainming Hu Jainming 1,2Zhang Xinnuo Zhang Xinnuo 1,2Lv Xue Lv Xue 1Armghan Shahzad Armghan Shahzad 3Donghui Ao Donghui Ao 1Maryam Abbas Maryam Abbas 4WU YU WU YU 1,2Lei Zhang Lei Zhang 1*Muhammad Fiaz Muhammad Fiaz 5
  • 1 Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Chengdu, China
  • 2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, Beijing, China
  • 3 National Institute for Genomics and Advanced Biotechnology (NIGAB), Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
  • 4 IQRA University Islamabad, Islamabad, Islamabad CT, Pakistan
  • 5 Crop Disease Research Institute, National Agricultural Research Center (Pakistan), Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, poses a significant threat to wheat quality and production worldwide, including in China and Pakistan. The rapid evolution of Pst races makes several resistance genes ineffective, which highlight the need for ongoing research to identify new resistance germplasm resources and resistance genes. The current study evaluated stripe rust resistance genes in 349 genotypes from Pakistan and Southwest China. Previously published functional and linked molecular markers were used to detect 13 major stripe rust resistance genes (Yr5, Yr9, Yr10, Yr15, Yr17, Yr18, Yr26, Yr29, Yr30, Yr36, Yr48, Yr65, and YrSp). Field evaluation revealed that over 60% of Chuanyu wheat, 50% of recent Pakistani cultivars, and 20% of historic Pakistani lines were resistant to current stripe rust races. In Chuanyu wheat, Yr17, YrSp, and Yr48 were dominant, though Yr17, Yr26, and YrSp were overused, while Yr36 was absent, and Yr18 was rare. In historic Pakistani lines, Yr5, Yr17, Yr18, and Yr26 were prevalent, while Yr15, Yr26, and YrSp proved effective resistance against current stripe rust races, though Yr29 was absent, and Yr15, Yr30, and Yr48 were overused. Similarly, in recent Pakistani cultivars, Yr15, Yr29, and Yr30 provided effective resistance. A negative correlation between the number of pyramided Yr genes and IT value was found. The study also identified specific Yr gene combinations (Yr26+Yr48, Yr29+Yr5, Yr26+Yr30, and Yr30+Yr17) that enhanced resistance to Pst. These findings outline strategies for the strategic use of genes in breeding for durable resistance in wheat genotypes in Pakistan and Southwest China.

    Keywords: stripe rust, gene pyramiding, marker-assisted selection, Yr genes, Molecular markers

    Received: 11 Sep 2024; Accepted: 11 Nov 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Abbas, Yunfang, Jing, Jainming, Xinnuo, Xue, Shahzad, Ao, Abbas, YU, Zhang and Fiaz. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence:
    Sakina Abbas, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Chengdu, China
    Lei Zhang, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Chengdu, China

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.