AUTHOR=Peng Bo , Liu Yan , Sun Xiaoyu , Zhao Qiang , Qiu Jing , Tian Xiayu , Peng Jing , Zhang Zhiguo , Wang Yujian , Huang Yaqin , Pang Ruihua , Zhou Wei , Qi Yuliang , Sun Yanfang , Wang Quanxiu , He Yuqing 

TITLE=The OsGAPC3 mutation significantly affects grain quality traits and improves the nutritional quality of rice

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Plant Science

VOLUME=15

YEAR=2024

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/plant-science/articles/10.3389/fpls.2024.1470316

DOI=10.3389/fpls.2024.1470316

ISSN=1664-462X

ABSTRACT=<p>The glycolytic enzyme cytoplasmic glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPC3) is involved in multiple biological processes in plants, including transcriptional regulation, and material metabolism. However, the relationship between <italic>OsGAPC3</italic> and the quality traits of rice is poorly understood. Here we identify <italic>OsGAPC3</italic> mutations that enhance the protein content and grain nutritional quality of rice by regulating the <italic>OsAAP6</italic> gene expression. The number and volume of type-II protein bodies in the endosperm of the <italic>OsGAPC3</italic> mutants, and GPC increase significantly. We report significant increases in chalkiness area and degree, and decreases for starch content, gel consistency, and taste value. Results of proteomic detection and analysis reveal that <italic>OsGAPC3</italic> affects the major storage substances (proteins and starch) metabolism in rice, and the accumulation of proteins and starch in the endosperm. Additionally, the <italic>OsGAPC3</italic> mutation significantly decreases the rice-seedling salt tolerance. Therefore, <italic>OsGAPC3</italic> affects multiple quality traits of rice, participates in regulating rice-seedling salt-stress response. These data can be used to design better-quality and stronger salt-resistant rice varieties.</p>