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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Plant Sci.
Sec. Crop and Product Physiology
Volume 15 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1437371

Effects of SPAD value variations according to nitrogen application levels on rice yield and its components

Provisionally accepted
Tae-Heon Kim Tae-Heon Kim Suk-Man Kim Suk-Man Kim *
  • Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Nitrogen (N) is the most essential element for growth, development, and grain yield determination in crops. However, excessive nitrogen application can result in environmental pollution and greenhouse gas emissions that contribute to climate change. In this study, we used 158 rice genetic resources to evaluate the relationships between the soil and plant analysis development (SPAD) value and grain yield (GY) and its components. The SPAD value ranged between 30.5 and 55.8, with a mean of 41.7 ± 5.3, under normal nitrogen conditions (NN, 9 kg/10a), and between 27.5 and 52.3, with a mean of 38.6 ± 4.8, under low nitrogen conditions (LN, 4.5 kg/10a). Under NN conditions, the SPAD values were in the following order: japonica (43.5 ± 5.8), Tongil-type (41.7 ± 2.5), others (41.7 ± 5.2), and indica (38.3 ± 3.8). By contrast, under LN conditions, the SPAD values were in the following order: Tongil-type (40.4 ± 2.1), others (40.1 ± 4.5), japonica (39.6 ± 5.2), and indica (35.6 ± 3.9). The 158 genetic resources showed no correlation between SPAD and yield. Therefore, the low-decrease rate (LDR) and high-decrease rate (HDR) SPAD groups were selected to reanalyze the relationships between the surveyed traits. The SPAD values were positively correlated with 1000-grain weight (TGW) for both LDR and HDR groups (NN: 0.63, LN: 0.53), However, SPAD and GY were positively correlated only in the LDR group. For TGW, the coefficient of determination (R 2 ) was 20% and 13% under NN and LN conditions, respectively. For GY, R 2 values of 32% and 52% were observed under NN and LN conditions, respectively. Genetic resources with higher SPAD values in the LDR group exhibited the highest yield (NN: 1.19 kg/m 2 , LN: 1.04 kg/m 2 ) under both NN and LN conditions. In conclusion, we selected 10 genetic resources that exhibited higher GY under both NN and LN conditions with minimal yield reductions. These genetic resources represent valuable breeding materials for nitrogen deficiency adaptation.

    Keywords: rice, SPAD value, low-nitrogen level, yield components, grain yield

    Received: 23 May 2024; Accepted: 23 Sep 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Kim and Kim. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Suk-Man Kim, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea

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