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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Plant Sci.
Sec. Photosynthesis and Photobiology
Volume 15 - 2024 |
doi: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1424994
This article is part of the Research Topic The Influence of Environmental Conditions on Chloroplast Functioning and Development View all 4 articles
Arabidopsis TIC236 contributes to proplastid development and chloroplast biogenesis during embryogenesis
Provisionally accepted- Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
Plastids are essential, semi-autonomous organelles in plants that carry out a multitude of functions during development. Plastids existing in different subtypes are derived from proplastids progenitors and interconvert in response to environmental and growth cues. Most efforts focus on the differentiation from proplastid to other forms. However, the studies of proplastid development are insufficient and whether proplastid biogenesis affects plant growth is yet to be determined. Arabidopsis TIC236, a translocon component at the inner membrane of the chloroplast envelope, is critical for importing chloroplasttargeted preproteins and chloroplast division. In this study, we uncovered the fundamental influence of proplastid biogenesis on embryo development by exploring the function of TIC236 during embryogenesis. Widespread and strong expression of TIC236 was observed in leaves and embryos. The null mutant tic236 had an embryo-lethal phenotype, with cell division in the mutant embryos delayed starting at the octant stage and arrested at the globular stage.Transmission electron microscopy revealed enlarged proplastids with an aberrant inner structure at the dermatogen and globular stages that ultimately did not differentiate into chloroplasts. Additionally, the fluorescence signal distribution patterns of tic236 embryos carrying the pDR5rev::3xVENUS-N7, pPIN1::PIN1-GFP, pWOX5::GFP, and pSCR::H2B-YFP reporter systems were altered. Together, we provide genetic evidence supporting proplastid biogenesis plays a vital role in embryo development and TIC236 is identified as an indispensable player, ensuring normal proplastid development.
Keywords: Embryo development, TIC236, Proplastid, chloroplast, Arabidopsis
Received: 29 Apr 2024; Accepted: 01 Aug 2024.
Copyright: © 2024 Liu, Chen, Gu, Zhang, Tong, Wang, Wang, Zhu, Zhang, Sun, Guo and Li. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Mei Liu, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
Lifen Chen, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
Shijie Gu, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
Aiwei Zhang, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
Mengjuan Tong, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
Shuailei Wang, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
Juntao Wang, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
Yirui Zhu, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
Jingsheng Zhang, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
Yu Sun, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
Yi Guo, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
Rui Li, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
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