AUTHOR=Wang Ran , Zhang Qinghe , Qu Cheng , Wang Qian , Wang Jinda , Luo Chen 

TITLE=Toxicity, baseline of susceptibility, detoxifying mechanism and sublethal effects of chlorogenic acid, a potential botanical insecticide, on Bemisia tabaci

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Plant Science

VOLUME=14

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/plant-science/articles/10.3389/fpls.2023.1150853

DOI=10.3389/fpls.2023.1150853

ISSN=1664-462X

ABSTRACT=<p><italic>Bemisia tabaci</italic> is a threat to agriculture worldwide because of its potential to cause devastating damage to crops. Chlorogenic acid is a bioactive pesticidal phytochemical agent against various insect pests. We here determined the susceptibility of a laboratory strain of <italic>B. tabaci</italic> to chlorogenic acid and other popular insecticides, and the susceptibility of several field-collected populations to chlorogenic acid. Also, cross-resistance to four common insecticides was measured. Chlorogenic acid had the highest toxicity of all tested insecticides, and all the field-collected populations were susceptible to chlorogenic acid, and little cross-resistance was detected between chlorogenic acid and the other tested insecticides. Furthermore, analysis of enzyme activities and expression of P450 genes in <italic>B. tabaci</italic> after treatment with LC<sub>50</sub> of chlorogenic acid suggested that enhanced P450 activity could be involved in chlorogenic acid detoxification. We subsequently evaluated sublethal effects of chlorogenic acid, and found that treatment with LC<sub>25</sub> of chlorogenic acid prolonged duration of two developmental stages, reduced fecundity, and decreased survival rates of treated <italic>B. tabaci</italic> compared to untreated insects. Overall, these findings demonstrate strong toxicity and significant sublethal effects of chlorogenic acid on <italic>B. tabaci</italic>, and suggest that overexpression of P450 genes may be associated with chlorogenic acid detoxification.</p>