AUTHOR=Matsuda Ryo , Ito Hiroki , Fujiwara Kazuhiro TITLE=Effects of Artificially Reproduced Fluctuations in Sunlight Spectral Distribution on the Net Photosynthetic Rate of Cucumber Leaves JOURNAL=Frontiers in Plant Science VOLUME=12 YEAR=2021 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/plant-science/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.675810 DOI=10.3389/fpls.2021.675810 ISSN=1664-462X ABSTRACT=

The effects of photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) fluctuations in sunlight have already been investigated; however, the spectral photon flux density distribution (SPD) has hardly been considered. Here, sunlight SPD fluctuations recorded for 200 min in October in Tokyo, Japan were artificially reproduced using an LED-artificial sunlight source system. The net photosynthetic rate (P_n) of cucumber leaves under reproduced sunlight was measured and compared with the P_n estimated from a steady-state PPFD–P_n curve for the same leaves. The measured and estimated P_n agreed except when the PPFD was low, where the measured P_n was lower than the estimated P_n. The ratio of measured P_n to estimated P_n was 0.94–0.95 for PPFD ranges of 300–700 μmol m^–2 s^–1, while the value was 0.98–0.99 for 900–1,300 μmol m^–2 s^–1, and the overall ratio was 0.97. This 3% reduction in the measured P_n compared with the P_n estimated from a steady-state PPFD–P_n curve was significantly smaller than the approximately 20–30% reduction reported in previous experimental and simulation studies. This result suggests that the loss of integral net photosynthetic gain under fluctuating sunlight can vary among days with different fluctuation patterns or may be non-significant when fluctuations in both PPFD and relative SPD of sunlight are taken into consideration.