AUTHOR=Förster Nadja , Antoniadou Kyriaki , Zander Matthias , Baur Sebastian , Mittermeier-Kleßinger Verena Karolin , Dawid Corinna , Ulrichs Christian , Mewis Inga 

TITLE=Chemoprofiling as Breeding Tool for Pharmaceutical Use of Salix

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Plant Science

VOLUME=12

YEAR=2021

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/plant-science/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.579820

DOI=10.3389/fpls.2021.579820

ISSN=1664-462X

ABSTRACT=<p>Willow bark is traditionally used for pharmaceutical purposes. Evaluation is so far based on the salicylate content, however, health promoting effects of extracts might be attributed to the interaction of those salicylates with other compounds, which support and complement their action. So far, only <italic>S. purpurea</italic>, <italic>S. daphnoides</italic>, and <italic>S. fragilis</italic> are included in pharmaceutical extracts. Crossing with other species could result in a more diverse secondary metabolite profile with higher pharmacological value. With the help of targeted inter- and intraspecific crossing, new chemotypes were generated, whereby nine different <italic>Salix</italic> genotypes (<italic>S. alba</italic>, <italic>S. daphnoides</italic>, <italic>S. humboldtiana</italic>, <italic>S. lasiandra</italic>, <italic>S. nigra</italic>, <italic>S. pentandra</italic>, <italic>S. purpurea</italic>, <italic>S. x rubens</italic>, <italic>S. viminalis</italic>) were included in the study. Based on substances known for their health promoting potential and characteristic for <italic>Salix</italic> (selected phenolic compounds including salicylates), a targeted metabolomics analysis and clustering of 92 generated <italic>Salix</italic> clones was performed revealing four different cluster/chemoprofiles. In more specific, one group is formed by <italic>S. daphnoides</italic> clones and inter- and intraspecific hybrids, a second group by <italic>S. viminalis</italic> clones and inter- and intraspecific hybrids, a third group generally formed by <italic>S. alba</italic>, <italic>S. pentandra</italic>, <italic>S. x rubens</italic>, and <italic>S. lasiandra</italic> clones and hybrids, and a fourth group by <italic>S. purpurea</italic> clones and inter- and intraspecific hybrids. Clustering on the basis of the selected phenolic compounds can be used for identifying <italic>Salix</italic> clones with a different compound profile. New combinations of secondary plant metabolites offer the chance to identify <italic>Salix</italic> crosses with improved effects on human health.</p>