AUTHOR=Mata-Pérez Capilla , Padilla María N. , Sánchez-Calvo Beatriz , Begara-Morales Juan C. , Valderrama Raquel , Chaki Mounira , Aranda-Caño Lorena , Moreno-González David , Molina-Díaz Antonio , Barroso Juan B. 

TITLE=Endogenous Biosynthesis of S-Nitrosoglutathione From Nitro-Fatty Acids in Plants

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Plant Science

VOLUME=11

YEAR=2020

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/plant-science/articles/10.3389/fpls.2020.00962

DOI=10.3389/fpls.2020.00962

ISSN=1664-462X

ABSTRACT=<p>Nitro-fatty acids (NO<sub>2</sub>-FAs) are novel molecules resulting from the interaction of unsaturated fatty acids and nitric oxide (NO) or NO-related molecules. In plants, it has recently been described that NO<sub>2</sub>-FAs trigger an antioxidant and a defence response against stressful situations. Among the properties of NO<sub>2</sub>-FAs highlight the ability to release NO therefore modulating specific protein targets through post-translational modifications (NO-PTMs). Thus, based on the capacity of NO<sub>2</sub>-FAs to act as physiological NO donors and using high-accuracy mass-spectrometric approaches, herein, we show that endogenous nitro-linolenic acid (NO<sub>2</sub>-Ln) can modulate <italic>S</italic>-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) biosynthesis in <italic>Arabidopsis</italic>. The incubation of NO<sub>2</sub>-Ln with GSH was analyzed by LC-MS/MS and the <italic>in vitro</italic> synthesis of GSNO was noted. The <italic>in vivo</italic> confirmation of this behavior was carried out by incubating <italic>Arabidopsis</italic> plants with <sup>15</sup>N-labeled NO<sub>2</sub>-Ln throughout the roots, and <sup>15</sup>N-labeled GSNO (GS<sup>15</sup>NO) was detected in the leaves. With the aim to go in depth in the relation of NO<sub>2</sub>-FA and GSNO in plants, <italic>Arabidopsis</italic> alkenal reductase mutants (<italic>aer</italic> mutants) which modulate NO<sub>2</sub>-FAs levels were used. Our results constitute the first evidence of the modulation of a key NO biological reservoir in plants (GSNO) by these novel NO<sub>2</sub>-FAs, increasing knowledge about <italic>S</italic>-nitrosothiols and GSNO-signaling pathways in plants.</p>