AUTHOR=Gough Elaine C. , Owen Kirsty J. , Zwart Rebecca S. , Thompson John P. 

TITLE=A Systematic Review of the Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Root-Lesion Nematodes, Pratylenchus spp.

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Plant Science

VOLUME=11

YEAR=2020

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/plant-science/articles/10.3389/fpls.2020.00923

DOI=10.3389/fpls.2020.00923

ISSN=1664-462X

ABSTRACT=<p>Root-lesion nematodes (<italic>Pratylenchus</italic> spp.) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) occupy the same ecological niche in the phytobiome of many agriculturally important crops. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi can enhance the resistance or tolerance of a plant to <italic>Pratylenchus</italic> and previous studies have been undertaken to investigate the relationship between these organisms. A restructuring of the AMF phylum Glomeromycota has reallocated the species into genera according to molecular analysis. A systematic review of the literature was synthesized to assess the interaction between <italic>Pratylenchus</italic> spp. and AMF using the revised classification. Plants inoculated with AMF generally exhibited greater tolerance as demonstrated by increased biomass under <italic>Pratylenchus</italic> pressure. Species of AMF from the order Diversisporales tended to increase <italic>Pratylenchus</italic> population densities compared to those from the order Glomerales. Species from the genera <italic>Funneliformis</italic> and <italic>Glomus</italic> had a reductive effect on <italic>Pratylenchus</italic> population densities. The interaction between AMF and <italic>Pratylenchus</italic> spp. showed variation in responses as a result of cultivar, crop species, and AMF species. Putative mechanisms involved in these interactions are discussed.</p>