AUTHOR=De Mori Gloria , Falchi Rachele , Testolin Raffaele , Bassi Daniele , Savazzini Federica , Dondini Luca , Tartarini Stefano , Palmisano Francesco , Minafra Angelantonio , Spadotto Alessandro , Scalabrin Simone , Geuna Filippo TITLE=Resistance to Sharka in Apricot: Comparison of Phase-Reconstructed Resistant and Susceptible Haplotypes of ‘Lito’ Chromosome 1 and Analysis of Candidate Genes JOURNAL=Frontiers in Plant Science VOLUME=10 YEAR=2019 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/plant-science/articles/10.3389/fpls.2019.01576 DOI=10.3389/fpls.2019.01576 ISSN=1664-462X ABSTRACT=

Sharka, a common disease among most stone fruit crops, is caused by the Plum Pox Virus (PPV). Resistant genotypes have been found in apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.), one of which—the cultivar ‘Lito’ heterozygous for the resistance—has been used to map a major quantitative trait locus (QTL) on linkage group 1, following a pseudo-test-cross mating design with 231 individuals. In addition, 19 SNP markers were selected from among the hundreds previously developed, which allowed the region to be limited to 236 kb on chromosome 1. A ‘Lito’ bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library was produced, screened with markers of the region, and positive BAC clones were sequenced. Resistant (R) and susceptible (S) haplotypes were assembled independently. To refine the assembly, the whole genome of ‘Lito’ was sequenced to high coverage (98×) using PacBio technology, enabling the development of a detailed assembly of the region that was able to predict and annotate the genes in the QTL region. The selected cultivar ‘Lito’ allowed not only to discriminate structural variants between the two haplotypic regions but also to distinguish specific allele expression, contributing towards mining the PPVres locus. In light of these findings, genes previously indicated (i.e., MATHd genes) to have a possible role in PPV resistance were further analyzed, and new candidates were discussed. Although the results are not conclusive, the accurate and independent assembly of R and S haplotypes of ‘Lito’ is a valuable resource to predict and test alternative transcription and regulation mechanisms underpinning PPV resistance.