AUTHOR=Wang Dongdong , Bădărau Alexandru Sabin , Swamy Mallappa Kumara , Shaw Subrata , Maggi Filippo , da Silva Luiz Everson , López Víctor , Yeung Andy Wai Kan , Mocan Andrei , Atanasov Atanas G. 

TITLE=Arctium Species Secondary Metabolites Chemodiversity and Bioactivities

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Plant Science

VOLUME=10

YEAR=2019

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/plant-science/articles/10.3389/fpls.2019.00834

DOI=10.3389/fpls.2019.00834

ISSN=1664-462X

ABSTRACT=<p><italic>Arctium</italic> species are known for a variety of pharmacological effects due to their diverse volatile and non-volatile secondary metabolites. Representatives of <italic>Arctium</italic> species contain non-volatile compounds including lignans, fatty acids, acetylenic compounds, phytosterols, polysaccharides, caffeoylquinic acid derivatives, flavonoids, terpenes/terpenoids and volatile compounds such as hydrocarbons, aldehydes, methoxypyrazines, carboxylic and fatty acids, monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes. <italic>Arctium</italic> species also possess bioactive properties such as anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant, hepatoprotective, gastroprotective, antibacterial, antiviral, antimicrobial, anti-allergic, and anti-inflammatory effects. This review aims to provide a complete overview of the chemistry and biological activities of the secondary metabolites found in therapeutically used <italic>Arctium</italic> species. Summary of pharmacopeias and monographs contents indicating the relevant phytochemicals and therapeutic effects are also discussed, along with possible safety considerations.</p>