AUTHOR=Vahabi Khabat , Reichelt Michael , Scholz Sandra S. , Furch Alexandra C. U. , Matsuo Mitsuhiro , Johnson Joy M. , Sherameti Irena , Gershenzon Jonathan , Oelmüller Ralf 

TITLE=Alternaria Brassicae Induces Systemic Jasmonate Responses in Arabidopsis Which Travel to Neighboring Plants via a Piriformsopora Indica Hyphal Network and Activate Abscisic Acid Responses

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Plant Science

VOLUME=9

YEAR=2018

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/plant-science/articles/10.3389/fpls.2018.00626

DOI=10.3389/fpls.2018.00626

ISSN=1664-462X

ABSTRACT=<p>Stress information received by a particular local plant tissue is transferred to other tissues and neighboring plants, but how the information travels is not well understood. Application of <italic>Alternaria Brassicae</italic> spores to Arabidopsis leaves or roots stimulates local accumulation of jasmonic acid (JA), the expression of JA-responsive genes, as well as of <italic>NITRATE TRANSPORTER</italic> (<italic>NRT</italic>)<italic>2.5</italic> and <italic>REDOX RESPONSIVE TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR1</italic> (<italic>RRTF1</italic>). Infection information is systemically spread over the entire seedling and propagates radially from infected to non-infected leaves, axially from leaves to roots, and <italic>vice versa</italic>. The local and systemic <italic>NRT2.5</italic> responses are reduced in the <italic>jar1</italic> mutant, and the <italic>RRTF1</italic> response in the <italic>rbohD</italic> mutant. Information about <italic>A. brassicae</italic> infection travels slowly to uninfected neighboring plants via a <italic>Piriformospora Indica</italic> hyphal network, where <italic>NRT2.5</italic> and <italic>RRTF1</italic> are up-regulated. The systemic <italic>A. brassicae</italic>-induced JA response in infected plants is converted to an abscisic acid (ABA) response in the neighboring plant where ABA and ABA-responsive genes are induced. We propose that the local threat information induced by <italic>A. brassicae</italic> infection is spread over the entire plant and transferred to neighboring plants via a <italic>P. indica</italic> hyphal network. The JA-specific response is converted to a general ABA-mediated stress response in the neighboring plant.</p>