AUTHOR=Perlikowski Dawid , Wiśniewska Halina , Kaczmarek Joanna , Góral Tomasz , Ochodzki Piotr , Kwiatek Michał , Majka Maciej , Augustyniak Adam , Kosmala Arkadiusz 

TITLE=Alterations in Kernel Proteome after Infection with Fusarium culmorum in Two Triticale Cultivars with Contrasting Resistance to Fusarium Head Blight

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Plant Science

VOLUME=7

YEAR=2016

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/plant-science/articles/10.3389/fpls.2016.01217

DOI=10.3389/fpls.2016.01217

ISSN=1664-462X

ABSTRACT=<p><bold>Highlight:</bold> The level of pathogen alpha-amylase and plant beta-amylase activities could be components of plant-pathogen interaction associated with the resistance of triticale to <italic>Fusarium</italic> head blight.</p><p>Triticale was used here as a model to recognize new components of molecular mechanism of resistance to <italic>Fusarium</italic> head blight (FHB) in cereals. <italic>Fusarium</italic>-damaged kernels (FDK) of two lines distinct in levels of resistance to FHB were applied into a proteome profiling using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) to create protein maps and mass spectrometry (MS) to identify the proteins differentially accumulated between the analyzed lines. This proteomic research was supported by a measurement of alpha- and beta-amylase activities, mycotoxin content, and fungal biomass in the analyzed kernels. The 2-DE analysis indicated a total of 23 spots with clear differences in a protein content between the more resistant and more susceptible triticale lines after infection with <italic>Fusarium culmorum</italic>. A majority of the proteins were involved in a cell carbohydrate metabolism, stressing the importance of this protein group in a plant response to <italic>Fusarium</italic> infection. The increased accumulation levels of different isoforms of plant beta-amylase were observed for a more susceptible triticale line after inoculation but these were not supported by a total level of beta-amylase activity, showing the highest value in the control conditions. The more resistant line was characterized by a higher abundance of alpha-amylase inhibitor CM2 subunit and simultaneously a lower activity of alpha-amylase after inoculation. We suggest that the level of pathogen alpha-amylase and plant beta-amylase activities could be components of plant-pathogen interaction associated with the resistance of triticale to FHB.</p>