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REVIEW article
Front. Physiol.
Sec. Vascular Physiology
Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fphys.2025.1519410
This article is part of the Research Topic New Insights on Vascular and Metabolic Diabetic Complications View all 5 articles
Crosstalk between hypertension and diabetes: focusing on pregnancy and offspring. A systematic review
Provisionally accepted- Autonomous University of San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
The coexistence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension (HT) is very common; both pathologies seem to share different mechanisms such as insulin resistance (IR), endothelial dysfunction, increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS), among others. Furthermore, exposure to hyperglycemia during gestational development has been defined as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in adulthood. However, the mechanisms involved in this "prenatal programming" are still unclear.This review aims to identify the mechanisms involved in the relationship between DM and HT, both in their coexistence and in the development of HT in offspring derived from gestational diabetes (GD).There are no reviews that comprehensively cover both the link between HT and DM as well as the risk factors in mothers with GD and the cardiovascular effects in their offspring.Several mechanisms such as structural changes in the arterial wall, endoplasmic reticulum (RE) stress, increase in ROS and decrease in nitric oxide (NO) synthesis are proposed as some of the possible culprits.Current evidence shows that the interaction between DM and HT occurs through mechanisms that they share in their pathogenesis, that is, the presence of one lead to the other and the hyperglycemia to which infants are exposed in utero makes them more susceptible to CVD.
Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Hypertension, Insulin Resistance, Pathophysiological mechanisms, gestational diabetes, Hyperglycemia, Animal Models, Humans
Received: 29 Oct 2024; Accepted: 07 Mar 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Medina-Hernández, Donjuán-Loredo and Espinosa-Tanguma. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Guadalupe Donjuán-Loredo, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
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