AUTHOR=Xu Hanzhi , Lu Xia , Wang Chunde , Ning Junhao , Chen Min , Wang Yuan , Yuan Ke 

TITLE=Potential Roles of PTEN on Longevity in Two Closely Related Argopecten Scallops With Distinct Lifespans

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Physiology

VOLUME=13

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/physiology/articles/10.3389/fphys.2022.872562

DOI=10.3389/fphys.2022.872562

ISSN=1664-042X

ABSTRACT=<p>Phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) has been found to regulate longevity through the PI3K/Akt/FoxO pathway and maintenance of genome integrity in worms, flies, and mammals. However, limited information is available on the roles of PTEN in longevity of aquatic animals. Here we extended this paradigm using two closely related <italic>Argopecten</italic> scallops, <italic>Argopecten purpuratus</italic>, and Argopecten <italic>irradians</italic>, with significantly distinct life spans, which are commercially important bivalve species for fishery and aquaculture in China, United States, Peru, and Chile. The ORFs of the <italic>ApPTEN</italic> and <italic>AiPTEN</italic> were 1,476 and 1,473 bp, which encoded 491 and 490 amino acids, respectively. There were 48 synonymous and 16 non-synonymous SNPs and one InDel of three nucleotides between <italic>ApPTEN</italic> and <italic>AiPTEN</italic>, resulting in variations in 15 amino acids and lack of S453 in AiPTEN. Differences in conformation and posttranslational modification were predicted between ApPTEN and AiPTEN, which may indicate different activities of ApPTEN and AiPTEN. When the animals were subjected to nutrition restriction, the expression of both <italic>ApPTEN</italic> and <italic>AiPTEN</italic> was upregulated, with <italic>AiPTEN</italic> responded faster and more robust than <italic>ApPTEN</italic>. Ionizing radiation induced significantly elevated expression of <italic>ApPTNE</italic> but not <italic>AiPTEN</italic> in the adductor muscle, and the mortality rate of <italic>A. purpuratus</italic> was significantly lower than that of <italic>A. irradians</italic>, indicating that <italic>ApPTNE</italic> may play a protective role by maintaining the genome integrity. RNAi of <italic>ApPTNE</italic> significantly downregulated the expression of its downstream regulated genes known to favor longevity, such as <italic>FoxO</italic>, <italic>Mn-SOD</italic>, and <italic>CAT</italic>. These results indicated that PTEN may contribute to the longevity of <italic>A. purpuratus</italic> through regulation of nutrient availability and genomic stability, probably <italic>via</italic> PI3K/Akt/FoxO pathway. Our study may provide new evidence for understanding of the conservative functions of PTEN in regulation of lifespan in animals and human, and it may also benefit the selection of scallops strains with long lifespan and thus larger size.</p>