AUTHOR=Du Geng , Tao Tao 

TITLE=Effects of a paddling-based high-intensity interval training prescribed using anaerobic speed reserve on sprint kayak performance

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Physiology

VOLUME=13

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/physiology/articles/10.3389/fphys.2022.1077172

DOI=10.3389/fphys.2022.1077172

ISSN=1664-042X

ABSTRACT=<p>The aim of this study was to investigate physiological and performance adaptations to high-intensity interval training (HIIT) prescribed as a proportion of anaerobic speed reserve (ASR) compared to HIIT prescribed using maximal aerobic speed (MAS). Twenty-four highly trained sprint kayak athletes were randomly allocated to one of three 4-weak conditions (N = 8) (ASR-HIIT) two sets of 6 × 60 s intervals at ∆%20ASR (MAS-HIIT) six 2 min paddling intervals at 100% maximal aerobic speed (MAS); or controls (CON) who performed six sessions/week of 1-h traditional endurance paddling at 70%–80% maximum HR. A graded exercise test was performed on a kayak ergometer to determine peak oxygen uptake (V̇O<sub>2peak</sub>), MAS, V̇O<sub>2</sub>/HR, and ventilatory threshold. Also, participants completed four consecutive upper-body wingate tests to asses peak and average power output. Significant increases in V̇O<sub>2peak</sub> (ASR-HIIT = 6.9%, MAS-HIIT = 4.8%), MAS (ASR-HIIT = 7.2%, MAS-HIIT = 4.8%), ASR (ASR-HIIT = −25.1%, MAS-HIIT = −15.9%), upper-body Wingate peak power output and average power output (<italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.05 for both HIIT groups) were seen compared with pre-training. Also, ASR-HIIT resulted in a significant decrease in 500-m <inline-formula id="inf1"><mml:math id="m1" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:mfenced open="(" close=")" separators="|"><mml:mrow><mml:mo>−</mml:mo><mml:mn>1.9</mml:mn><mml:mo>%</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:mfenced></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula>, and <inline-formula id="inf2"><mml:math id="m2" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:mn>1,000</mml:mn><mml:mo>−</mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">m</mml:mi><mml:mtext> </mml:mtext><mml:mrow><mml:mfenced open="(" close=")" separators="|"><mml:mrow><mml:mo>−</mml:mo><mml:mn>1.5</mml:mn><mml:mo>%</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:mfenced></mml:mrow></mml:mrow></mml:math></inline-formula> paddling time. Lower coefficient of variation values were observed for the percent changes of the aforementioned factors in response to ASR-HIIT compared to MAS-HIIT. Overall, a short period of ASR-HIIT improves 500-m and 1,000-m paddling performances in highly trained sprint kayak athletes. Importantly, inter-subject variability (CV) of physiological adaptations to ASR-HIIT was lower than MAS-HIIT. Individualized prescription of HIIT using ASR ensures similar physiological demands across individuals and potentially facilitates similar degrees of physiological adaptation.</p>