AUTHOR=Barros Juliana Pereira , de Paula Tainah , Mediano Mauro Felippe Felix , Rangel Marcus Vinicius dos Santos , Monteiro Walace , Cunha Felipe Amorim da , Farinatti Paulo , Borges Juliana Pereira 

TITLE=The Effects of Acute Aerobic Exercise on Blood Pressure, Arterial Function, and Heart Rate Variability in Men Living With HIV

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Physiology

VOLUME=12

YEAR=2021

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/physiology/articles/10.3389/fphys.2021.685306

DOI=10.3389/fphys.2021.685306

ISSN=1664-042X

ABSTRACT=<sec><title>Purpose</title><p>This study aims to investigate the effects of acute cycling on blood pressure (BP), arterial function, and heart rate variability (HRV) in men living with HIV (MLHIV) using combined antiretroviral therapy (cART).</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Twelve MLHIV (48.7 ± 9.2 years; 25.2 ± 2.8 kg m<sup>–2</sup>) and 13 healthy controls (41.2 ± 9.9 years; 26.3 ± 2.9 kg m<sup>–2</sup>) performed a cycling bout (ES) (intensity: 50% oxygen uptake reserve; duration: time to achieve 150 kcal—MLHIV: 24.1 ± 5.5 vs. controls: 23.1 ± 3.0 min; <italic>p</italic> = 0.45), and a 20-min non-exercise session (NES).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>At rest (<italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.05), MLHIV presented higher brachial systolic/diastolic BP (SBP/DBP: 123.2 ± 14.2/76.8 ± 6.3 vs. 114.3 ± 5.1/71.6 ± 2.6 mmHg) and central BP (cSBP/cDBP: 108.3 ± 9.3/76.5 ± 6.5 vs. 101.6 ± 4.9/71.3 ± 4.4 mmHg) vs. controls but lower absolute maximal oxygen uptake (2.1 ± 0.5 vs. 2.5 ± 0.3 L min<sup>–1</sup>) and HRV indices reflecting overall/vagal modulation (SDNN: 24.8 ± 7.1 vs. 42.9 ± 21.3 ms; rMSSD: 20.5 ± 8.5 vs. 38.1 ± 22.8 ms; pNN50: 3.6 ± 4.2 vs. 13.6 ± 11.3%). DBP postexercise lowered in controls vs. MLHIV (∼4 mmHg, <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.001; ES: 0.6). Moreover, controls vs. MLHIV had greater reductions (<italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.05) in augmentation index (−13.6 ± 13.7 vs. −3.1 ± 7.2% min<sup>–1</sup>; ES: 2.4), and HRV indices up to 5 min (rMSSD: −111.8 ± 32.1 vs. −75.9 ± 22.2 ms min<sup>–1</sup>; ES: 3.8; pNN50: −76.3 ± 28.3 vs. −19.0 ± 13.7% min<sup>–1</sup>; ES: 4.4). Within-group (ES vs. NES; <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.05) reductions occurred in controls for SBP (∼10 mmHg, 2 h), DBP (∼6 mmHg, 20, 30, and 70 min), cSBP (∼9 mmHg, 30 min), cDBP (∼7 mmHg, 30 and 70 min), augmentation index (∼10%, 30 min), and pNN50 (∼20%; up to 2 h), while in MLHIV only cSBP (∼6 mmHg, 70 min) and cDBP (∼4 mmHg, 30 min) decreased. Similar increases (up to 5 min) in heart rate (∼22 bpm) and decreases in SDNN (∼18 ms) and rMSSD (∼20 ms) occurred in both groups.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>MLHIV under cART exhibited attenuated postexercise hypotension vs. healthy controls, which seemed to relate with impairments in vascular function.</p></sec>