AUTHOR=Yang Yuan-Xue , Lin Rong-Hua , Li Zhuo , Wang Ai-Yu , Xue Chao , Duan Ai-Ling , Zhao Ming , Zhang Jian-Hua 

TITLE=Function Analysis of P450 and GST Genes to Imidacloprid in Aphis craccivora (Koch)

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Physiology

VOLUME=11

YEAR=2021

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/physiology/articles/10.3389/fphys.2020.624287

DOI=10.3389/fphys.2020.624287

ISSN=1664-042X

ABSTRACT=<p><italic>Aphis craccivora</italic> (Koch) is an economically important pest that affects legumes in worldwide. Chemical control is still the primary efficient method for <italic>A. craccivora</italic> management. However, the mechanism underlying insecticide resistance in <italic>A. craccivora</italic> has not been elucidated. A previous study observed that piperonyl butoxide (PBO) and diethyl maleate (DEM) significantly synergized imidacloprid in <italic>A. craccivora</italic> field populations, indicating that cytochrome P450 (P450) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) genes may play pivotal roles in imidacloprid resistance. In this study, 38 P450 genes and 10 GST genes were identified in <italic>A. craccivora</italic> through transcriptomic analysis. The expression levels of these P450 and GST genes were measured in susceptible (SUS) strains of <italic>A. craccivora</italic> under imidacloprid treatment with LC<sub>15</sub>, LC<sub>50</sub>, and LC<sub>85</sub> doses. The expression levels of <italic>CYP18A1</italic>, <italic>CYP6CY21</italic>, <italic>CYP6DA1</italic>, <italic>CYP6DA2</italic>, <italic>CYP4CJ1</italic>, <italic>CYP4CJ2</italic>, and <italic>CYP380C6</italic> were up-regulated in the three treatments. Most of these genes belong to CYP3 and CYP4 Clans. In addition, the expression levels of all P450 and GST genes in <italic>A. craccivora</italic> were also measured in the Juye (JY) and Linqing (LQ) field populations. The expression levels of <italic>CYP6DA2</italic>, <italic>CYP4CJ1</italic>, and <italic>CYP380C6</italic> were up-regulated in the SUS strain after imidacloprid treatment at three doses, and these genes were overexpressed in the JY population. Furthermore, the sensitivity of <italic>A. craccivora</italic> to imidacloprid was significantly increased after knockdown of <italic>CYP380C6</italic> and <italic>CYP6DA2</italic> through RNA interference. These results may help to elucidate the mechanisms underlying of imidacloprid resistance in <italic>A. craccivora</italic>.</p>