AUTHOR=Peng Maoxiao , Li Zhi , Liu Xiaojun , Niu Donghong , Lan Tianyi , Ye Bo , Dong Zhiguo , Li Jiale TITLE=Tolerance, Growth, and Physiological Responses of the Juvenile Razor Clam (Sinonovacula constricta) to Environmental Ca2+ and Mg2+ Concentrations JOURNAL=Frontiers in Physiology VOLUME=10 YEAR=2019 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/physiology/articles/10.3389/fphys.2019.00911 DOI=10.3389/fphys.2019.00911 ISSN=1664-042X ABSTRACT=

To facilitate transplanting razor clam (Sinonovacula constricta) populations to inland saline-alkaline waters (ISWs), we evaluated the tolerance of juvenile S. constricta (JSC) to Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ concentrations, and determined the effects of these ions on JSC growth and physiological parameters. After 30 days stress, the tolerable ranges of JSC to Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ were determined to be 0.19 mmol⋅L^-1–19.46 mmol⋅L^-1 and 0 mmol⋅L^-1–29.54 mmol⋅L^-1, respectively. The concentrations of Ca²⁺ (less than 0.65 mmol⋅L^-1 or more than 3.24 mmol⋅L^-1) and Mg²⁺ (less than 0.37 mmol⋅L^-1 or more than 14.17 mmol⋅L^-1) significantly inhibit JSC growth. Physiological enzyme activity no significant response when the concentrations range of Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ are 0.93 mmol⋅L^-1–6.49 mmol⋅L^-1 and 0.37 mmol⋅L^-1–14.77 mmol⋅L^-1, respectively. For transplantation practice, these data indicate that only high concentrations of Ca²⁺ (3.24–6.825 mmol⋅L^-1) and Mg²⁺ (14.77–33.69 mmol⋅L^-1) in target inland saline-alkaline water had significantly impact on growth and physiological response. In addition, present study suggests that the increase in Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ ion concentrations caused by ocean acidification will not affect the survival, growth and physiology of S. constricta. Current research suggests that S. constricta can adapt to extreme changes in the marine environment (Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺) and may be an excellent candidate for inland saline-alkaline water transplantation practice.