AUTHOR=Ficek Krzysztof , Ciȩszczyk Paweł , Leźnicka Katarzyna , Kaczmarczyk Mariusz , Leońska-Duniec Agata 

TITLE=Novel Associations Between Interleukin-15 Polymorphisms and Post-training Changes of Body Composition Parameters in Young Nonobese Women

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Physiology

VOLUME=10

YEAR=2019

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/physiology/articles/10.3389/fphys.2019.00876

DOI=10.3389/fphys.2019.00876

ISSN=1664-042X

ABSTRACT=<p>Based on the important role of interleukin-15 (IL-15) in human metabolism and, in consequence, in body composition modulation, we examined whether rs1589241 and rs1057972 polymorphisms, analyzed individually or in combination, would influence the effects of a training program. Accordingly, we studied the allele and genotype distribution in a group of 163 young nonobese Caucasian women measured for selected body mass and composition, as well as biochemical parameters before and after the completion of a 12-week endurance training program. After a week-long familiarization stage, low-high impact aerobics were conducted three times a week for 60 min, at an increasing intensity from about 50 to 80% of HRmax. With reference to rs1057972 genotypes, there were two significant genotype × training interactions, in which (i) fat mass percentage (FM%) significantly decreased among the AA homozygotes (<italic>p</italic> = 0.00002) and AT heterozygotes (<italic>p</italic> = 0.00002), and (ii) fat free mass (FFM) increased only among the AT heterozygotes (<italic>p</italic> = 0.0003), whereas in the AA homozygotes there was only a borderline significance (<italic>p</italic> = 0.065). No genotype × training interactions were found for the second rs1589241 polymorphism. Moreover, the carriers of the[T;A] haplotype (when compared with reference haplotype) displayed significant decrease in FM% (<italic>p</italic> = 0.027) and increase in FFM (<italic>p</italic> = 0.014) in response to the applied training program. Our data highlight novel associations between specific <italic>IL-15</italic> genotype and different post-training changes of FM% and FFM parameters. The results suggest that harboring the rs1057972 A allele and/or the [T;A] haplotype is favorable for achieving specific positive training-induced body composition changes.</p>