AUTHOR=Najjari B. , Zhang S. F. , Ma X. , Voitkiv A. B. 

TITLE=Fragmentation of the 4He2 dimer with the emission of three or four electrons by fast highly charged projectiles

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Physics

VOLUME=11

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/physics/articles/10.3389/fphy.2023.1145511

DOI=10.3389/fphy.2023.1145511

ISSN=2296-424X

ABSTRACT=<p>We investigate the fragmentation of the helium dimer, <sup>4</sup>He<sub>2</sub>, into He<sup>2+</sup> + He<sup>+</sup> and He<sup>2+</sup> + He<sup>2+</sup> ions in collisions with fast highly charged projectiles. We discuss the main physical mechanisms driving these processes. We explore the energy and angular distributions of the ionic fragments produced during collisions of the dimer with 1 GeV/u U<sup>92+</sup> and 11.37 MeV/u S<sup>14+</sup> projectiles and also present the total fragmentation cross-sections. According to our results, the fragmentation in these collisions is fully dominated by the direct removal of three or four electrons from the dimer by the projectile in a single collision. Our results also suggest that the total fragmentation cross-sections depend on the binding energy <inline-formula id="inf1"><mml:math id="m1" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>I</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>H</mml:mtext><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>e</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:math></inline-formula> of the dimer, being roughly proportional to <inline-formula id="inf2"><mml:math id="m2" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:msqrt><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>I</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>H</mml:mtext><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>e</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:msqrt></mml:math></inline-formula>.</p>