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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Pharmacol.

Sec. Ethnopharmacology

Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1517585

Honeysuckle extracts as a Potential Inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Provisionally accepted
Ping-Chang Lin Ping-Chang Lin 1Ying-Ray Lee Ying-Ray Lee 2Li-Teh Liu Li-Teh Liu 3Shyh-Shin Chiou Shyh-Shin Chiou 1Po-Chih Chen Po-Chih Chen 1Ching-Yi Tsai Ching-Yi Tsai 1Jih-Jin Tsai Jih-Jin Tsai 1*
  • 1 Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
  • 2 Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
  • 3 Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Rende District, Taiwan

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Background: In the current era of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), we were interested in searching for medications other than the currently available antiviral drugs Paxlovid and Molnupiravir that cause minimal side effects and do not harm the human body. Honeysuckle extract (HSE) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) that has been shown to exert antiviral effects in other studies. However, no studies have indicated whether HSE has an inhibitory effect on SARS-CoV-2.Methods: We prepared HSEs from dried honeysuckle flowers. We performed a cell viability assay, median tissue culture infection dose (TCID50) assay, and qRT‒PCR, and calculated the virus titers using the Reed-Muench method to evaluate the inhibitory effects of aqueous and alcohol HSEs on SARS‒CoV‒2 and explore the possible underlying mechanisms.Results: In this study, post-treatment with HSE resulted in dose-dependent decreases in both the RNA levels and TCID50 of SARS-CoV-2 in Vero E6 cells; treatment with 50 μg/ml and 100 μg/ml alcohol HSEs achieved up to 95.323% and 92.587% inhibition, respectively. Moreover, pre-treatment with aqueous HSEs effectively reduced the RNA levels, and TCID50 of SARS-CoV-2 by up to 99.684%, and alcohol HSEs achieved up to 99.921% inhibition; both of these effects occurred in a dose-dependent manner.Conclusion: The results suggest that HSEs may have the potential to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection.

    Keywords: Honeysuckle, Lonicera japonica Thunb., SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Extracts

    Received: 02 Nov 2024; Accepted: 31 Mar 2025.

    Copyright: © 2025 Lin, Lee, Liu, Chiou, Chen, Tsai and Tsai. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Jih-Jin Tsai, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.

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