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REVIEW article
Front. Pharmacol.
Sec. Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics
Volume 15 - 2024 |
doi: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1478964
This article is part of the Research Topic Insights in Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics: 2023 View all 5 articles
Pharmacogenomics For Neurodegenerative Disorders -A Focused Review
Provisionally accepted- 1 Hiralal Mazumdar Memorial College for Women, West Bengal State University, Kolkata, India
- 2 Department of Basic Medical Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Khamis Mushait Campus, King Khalid University (KKU), 62561, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- 3 Department of Public Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Khamis Mushait Campus, King Khalid University (KKU), 62561, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- 4 Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- 5 Department of Anaesthesia Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Khamis Mushait Campus, King Khalid University (KKU), 62561, Abha, Saudi Arabia
Neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are characterized by the progressive degeneration of neuronal structure and function, leading to severe cognitive and motor impairments. These conditions present significant challenges to healthcare systems, and traditional treatments often fail to account for genetic variability among patients, resulting in inconsistent therapeutic outcomes. Pharmacogenomics aims to tailor medical treatments based on an individual's genetic profile, thereby improving therapeutic efficacy and reducing adverse effects. This focused review explores the genetic factors influencing drug responses in neurodegenerative diseases and the potential of pharmacogenomics to revolutionize their treatment. Key genetic markers, such as the APOE ε4 allele in AD and the CYP2D6 polymorphisms in PD, are highlighted for their roles in modulating drug efficacy. Additionally, advancements in pharmacogenomic tools, including genome-wide association studies (GWAS), next-generation sequencing (NGS), and CRISPR-Cas9, are discussed for their contributions to personalized medicine. The application of pharmacogenomics in clinical practice and its prospects, including ethical and data integration challenges, are also examined.
Keywords: pharmacogenomics, Neurodegenerative disorders, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, genome-wide association studies, Next-generation sequencing
Received: 12 Aug 2024; Accepted: 30 Oct 2024.
Copyright: © 2024 Ahmad, Zeyaullah, Khan, Alshahrani, Altijani, Ali, Dawria, Mohieldin, Alam and Mohamed. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
S Rehan Ahmad, Hiralal Mazumdar Memorial College for Women, West Bengal State University, Kolkata, India
Md. Zeyaullah, Department of Basic Medical Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Khamis Mushait Campus, King Khalid University (KKU), 62561, Abha, Saudi Arabia
Mohammad S. Khan, Department of Public Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Khamis Mushait Campus, King Khalid University (KKU), 62561, Abha, Saudi Arabia
Haroon Ali, Department of Public Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Khamis Mushait Campus, King Khalid University (KKU), 62561, Abha, Saudi Arabia
Adam Dawria, Department of Public Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Khamis Mushait Campus, King Khalid University (KKU), 62561, Abha, Saudi Arabia
Ali Mohieldin, Department of Public Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Khamis Mushait Campus, King Khalid University (KKU), 62561, Abha, Saudi Arabia
Mohammad S. Alam, Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
Awad Osman A. Mohamed, Department of Anaesthesia Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Khamis Mushait Campus, King Khalid University (KKU), 62561, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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