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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Pharmacol.
Sec. Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics
Volume 15 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1466394
This article is part of the Research Topic Advances in Pharmacogenomics: Basic, Translational, and Clinical View all 9 articles

Allele frequencies and genotype distribution of three metformin transporter polymorphisms in Mexican population and their application in pharmacogenomics of type 2 diabetes

Provisionally accepted
Oscar I. Chávez Oscar I. Chávez 1Brissia Lazalde Brissia Lazalde 2Marisol López López Marisol López López 3Alberto Ortega-Vázquez Alberto Ortega-Vázquez 3Quitzia L. Torres Quitzia L. Torres 1*
  • 1 Juárez University of the State of Durango, Durango, Mexico
  • 2 Mexican Social Security Institute, Mexico City, México, Mexico
  • 3 Metropolitan Autonomous University, Mexico City, México, Mexico

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Background: Metformin is the first-line antidiabetic therapy for type 2 diabetes in Mexico, despite recent recommendations highlighting alternatives like GLP-1 receptor agonists for individuals with obesity. Metformin elimination is reliant on liver and kidney function, and variants in transport proteins such as Multidrug and Toxin Extrusion Protein 1 (MATE1), MATE2, and Organic Cation Transporter 2 (OCT2) can influence its pharmacokinetics. Understanding these variants' frequencies in the Mexican population is crucial for tailoring personalized treatment strategies. Objective: This study aimed to determine the genotypic and allelic frequencies of key variants in metformin transporters within a Mexican population, addressing the interindividual variability in drug response. Methodology Genetic analysis was conducted on 101 healthy, unrelated Mexican subjects who were genotyped for the MATE1, MATE2, and OCT2 variants using allele-specific real-time PCR assays. Results The allele frequencies were 0.07 for OCT2, 0.23 for MATE1, and 0.67 for MATE2. The g.–66T→C variant was found only in wild-type and heterozygous forms. Comparative analysis indicated significant differences in allele frequencies between this Mexican population and other ethnic groups, highlighting potential implications for metformin efficacy and safety. Conclusions: This study provides crucial insights into the genetic variability of metformin transporter genes in a Mexican population, offering a foundation for personalized therapeutic approaches in type 2 diabetes management.

    Keywords: Metformin, transporters, MATE1, MATE2, Oct2, genotyping

    Received: 17 Jul 2024; Accepted: 18 Oct 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Chávez, Lazalde, López López, Ortega-Vázquez and Torres. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Quitzia L. Torres, Juárez University of the State of Durango, Durango, Mexico

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.