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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Pharmacol.
Sec. Pharmacoepidemiology
Volume 15 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1458600
This article is part of the Research Topic Emerging Trends in Real-World Pharmacoepidemiology: 2023 View all 10 articles

Monitoring Vancomycin Blood Concentrations Reduces Mortality Risk in Critically Ill Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study Using the MIMIC-IV Database

Provisionally accepted
Huaidong Peng Huaidong Peng 1Yuantong Ou Yuantong Ou 2*Ruichang Zhang Ruichang Zhang 3*Ruolun Wang Ruolun Wang 1*Deliang Wen Deliang Wen 2*Qilin Yang Qilin Yang 2*Xiaorui Liu Xiaorui Liu 4*
  • 1 Department of Pharmacy, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
  • 2 Department of Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
  • 3 Twelfth Guangzhou City People's Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
  • 4 Guangzhou Medical University Cancer Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Some guidelines recommend therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) for critically ill patients treated with vancomycin; however, there is currently a lack of evidence to support that TDM improves the mortality rates of these patients. Therefore, we designed this cohort study to compare the impact of vancomycin TDM monitoring vancomycin blood concentrations on mortality rates in critically ill patients and to provide evidence to support this routine clinical practice.Methods: Data were extracted from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC)-IV database for a retrospective cohort analysis of critically ill patients receiving intravenous vancomycin treatment. The primary outcome was the 28-day mortality rate. The propensity score matching (PSM) method was used to match the baseline characteristics between patients in the TDM group and the non-TDM group. The relationship between 28-day mortality and vancomycin TDM in the critically ill cohort was evaluated using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis and Kaplan-Meier survival 2 curves. Validation of the primary outcomes was conducted by comparing the PSM model and the Cox proportional hazards regression model. The robustness of the conclusion was subsequently verified by subgroup and sensitivity analyses.Results: After PSM, 4,264patients were included in each of the TDM and non-TDM groups, with a 28-day mortality rate of 20.0% (1,022/4,264) in the TDM group and 26.4% (1,126/4,264) in the non-TDM group. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis revealed a significantly lower 28-day mortality risk in the TDM group when compared to the non-TDM group (adjusted hazard ratio [HR]: 0.86; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.79, 0.93; p < 0.001). Further PSM analyses (adjusted HR: 0.91; 95% CI: 0.84, 0.99; p = 0.033) confirmed the lower risk of mortality in the TDM group. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed a significantly higher survival rate at 28 days for the TDM group (log-rank test, p < 0.001). This cohort study showed that monitoring vancomycin blood concentrations is associated with a significantly lower 28-day mortality rate in critically ill patients, highlighting the importance of routinely performing vancomycin TDM in these patients.

    Keywords: Vancomycin, Therapeutic drug monitoring, critically ill patients, Mortality, mimic iv

    Received: 02 Jul 2024; Accepted: 31 Oct 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Peng, Ou, Zhang, Wang, Wen, Yang and Liu. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence:
    Yuantong Ou, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
    Ruichang Zhang, Twelfth Guangzhou City People's Hospital, Guangzhou, 510620, Guangdong Province, China
    Ruolun Wang, Department of Pharmacy, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
    Deliang Wen, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
    Qilin Yang, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
    Xiaorui Liu, Guangzhou Medical University Cancer Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China

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