AUTHOR=Xu Yanan , Bian Shuai , Shang LiYing , Wang Xin , Bai Xueyuan , Zhang Wei 

TITLE=Phytochemistry, pharmacological effects and mechanism of action of volatile oil from Panax ginseng C.A.Mey: a review

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Pharmacology

VOLUME=15

YEAR=2024

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pharmacology/articles/10.3389/fphar.2024.1436624

DOI=10.3389/fphar.2024.1436624

ISSN=1663-9812

ABSTRACT=<p><italic>Panax ginseng</italic> (<italic>P. ginseng</italic>), a traditional and highly valued botanical drug, has been used for thousands of years and is known around the world for its uses in food, medicine, and healthcare. The comprehensive study of <italic>P. ginseng</italic> is crucial for the quality assurance of medicinal materials and optimal resource utilization. Despite being present in trace amounts, <italic>P. ginseng</italic> volatile oil has a wide range of chemical metabolites with important medicinal potential. The volatile oil has shown promise in defending the cardiovascular system, as well as in terms of its ability of antibacterial, anti-aging, anti-platelet coagulation, anti-inflammatory, support the nervous system nutritionally, and shield it from harm. Due to its low composition and lack of thorough investigation, <italic>P. ginseng</italic> volatile oil’s therapeutic applicability is still restricted although it exhibited many benefits. This review aims to provide insights into the chemical composition, extraction processes, pharmacological effects, and mechanisms of action of <italic>P. ginseng</italic> volatile oil, and to provide theoretical support and guidelines for future research and clinical application.</p>