AUTHOR=Lee Hak-Dong , Kim Ji Hyun , Choi Jong Hee , Kim Ki Hyun , Ku Jajung , Choi Kyung , Kim Hyun Young , Lee Sanghyun , Cho Ik-Hyun 

TITLE=Exploring phytochemicals and pharmacological properties of Populus × tomentiglandulosa

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Pharmacology

VOLUME=15

YEAR=2024

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pharmacology/articles/10.3389/fphar.2024.1406623

DOI=10.3389/fphar.2024.1406623

ISSN=1663-9812

ABSTRACT=<p><italic>Populus × tomentiglandulosa</italic> (PT), a tree endemic to Korea, shows promising potential as a natural therapeutic agent owing to its potent anti-inflammatory properties. However, the isolation and analysis of phytochemical compounds in PT and related species remains underexplored. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the biochemical profile of PT and evaluate its extracts and fractions for anti-inflammatory activities. Nine compounds were isolated, including two novel flavonoids (luteolin 7-O-<italic>β</italic>-<sc>d-</sc>glucuronide butyl ester and chrysoeriol 7-O-<italic>β</italic>-<sc>d-</sc>glucuronide butyl ester) from the Salicaceae family for the first time. The ethyl acetate fraction exhibited significant radical scavenging activity against various radicals, including DPPH, ABTS<sup>+</sup>, <sup>•</sup>OH, and O<sub>2</sub><sup>–</sup> radicals. PT extracts and the ethyl acetate fraction showed minimal cytotoxicity in Raw 264.7 macrophages at concentrations below 500 and 100 μg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, PT extracts and fractions significantly suppressed the protein expression of proinflammatory mediators (iNOS and IL-6) in LPS-stimulated Raw 264.7 macrophages, highlighting their potent anti-inflammatory effects. These findings suggest that PT holds promise as a valuable natural therapeutic intervention for various oxidative stress and inflammation-related disorders, underscoring the need for further exploration of its clinical applications.</p>