AUTHOR=Liu Jing , Liu Xiao , Zhou Wen-Yu , Gan Jun , Wang Jie , Zhang Qi , Li Jun-Liang , Shen Zhong-Shan , Zhang Yue-Ying , Tang Qiong-Yao , Zhang Zhe 

TITLE=The activation of GABAergic neurons in the hypothalamic tuberomammillary nucleus attenuates sevoflurane and propofol-induced anesthesia in mice

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Pharmacology

VOLUME=14

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pharmacology/articles/10.3389/fphar.2023.1153735

DOI=10.3389/fphar.2023.1153735

ISSN=1663-9812

ABSTRACT=<p><bold>Background:</bold> The histaminergic neurons in the hypothalamic tuberomammillary nucleus (TMN) have been suggested to play a vital role in maintaining a rising state. But the neuronal types of the TMN are in debate and the role of GABAergic neurons remains unclear.</p><p><bold>Methods:</bold> In the present study, we examined the role of TMN GABAergic neurons in general anesthesia using chemogenetics and optogenetics strategies to regulate the activity of TMN GABAergic neurons.</p><p><bold>Results:</bold> The results indicated that either chemogenetic or optogenetic activation of TMN GABAergic neurons in mice decreased the effect of sevoflurane and propofol anesthesia. In contrast, inhibition of the TMN GABAergic neurons facilitates the sevoflurane anesthesia effect.</p><p><bold>Conclusion:</bold> Our results suggest that the activity of TMN GABAergic neurons produces an anti-anesthesia effect in loss of consciousness and analgesia.</p>