AUTHOR=Yuan Zhihui , Chao Sheng , Xu Yuan , Niu Yulin 

TITLE=Chemoprophylaxis for the prevention of tuberculosis in kidney transplant recipients: A systematic review and meta-analysis

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Pharmacology

VOLUME=14

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pharmacology/articles/10.3389/fphar.2023.1022579

DOI=10.3389/fphar.2023.1022579

ISSN=1663-9812

ABSTRACT=<p><bold>Background:</bold> A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to investigate the efficacy and safety of isoniazid (INH) prophylaxis to prevent tuberculosis (TB) infection in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs).</p><p><bold>Methods:</bold> Web of Science, SCOPUS, and PubMed were searched to identify relevant studies that compared the effects among patients who received INH prophylaxis after transplantation.</p><p><bold>Results:</bold> A total of 13 studies (involving 6,547 KTRs) were included in our analysis. We found that the risk of active TB infection (RR: 0.35, 95%CI 0.27–0.45, <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.01) for KTRs was lower in the INH treatment group than in those without prophylaxis. However, there was no significant difference between the two groups in mortality (RR: 0.93, 95%CI 0.67–1.28, <italic>p</italic> = 0.64), acute rejection (RR: 0.82, 95%CI 0.44–1.51, <italic>p</italic> = 0.52), and hepatotoxicity (RR: 1.25, 95%CI 0.94–1.65, <italic>p</italic> = 0.12).</p><p><bold>Conclusion:</bold> Isoniazid prophylaxis is a safe and effective for KTRs on reactivation of latent TB infection.</p>