AUTHOR=Zhou Wence , Chen Xinlong , Fan Qigang , Yu Haichuan , Jiang Wenkai 

TITLE=Using proton pump inhibitors increases the risk of hepato-biliary-pancreatic cancer. A systematic review and meta-analysis

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Pharmacology

VOLUME=13

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pharmacology/articles/10.3389/fphar.2022.979215

DOI=10.3389/fphar.2022.979215

ISSN=1663-9812

ABSTRACT=<p><bold>Background:</bold> More and more studies are focusing on the adverse effects and damage caused by PPI abuse, we carried out a systematic review and meta-analysis for assessing whether the proton pump inhibitor (PPI) leads to hepato-biliary-pancreatic cancer.</p><p><bold>Methods:</bold> PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science were searched until 1 July 2022, 25 studies (17 case-control and 8 cohort studies; 2741853 individuals) included in this study. Pooled Odd Ratios (ORs) were used for random effect models. Sensitivity analysis and dose-response analysis, subgroup analysis were all conducted.</p><p><bold>Results:</bold> The aggregate OR of the meta-analysis was 1.69 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.42–2.01, <italic>p</italic> = 0.01) and heterogeneity (<italic>I</italic><sup><italic>2</italic></sup> = 98.9%, <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.001) was substantial. According to stratified subgroup analyses, the incidence of hepato-biliary-pancreatic cancer was associated, expect for study design, study quality and region. Risk of hepato-biliary-pancreatic cancer is highest when people is treated with normal doses of PPI. The risks decrease and become insignificant when the cumulative defined daily dose (cDDD) increases.</p><p><bold>Conclusion:</bold> The use of PPI may be associated with an increased risk of hepato-biliary-pancreatic cancer. Hence, caution is needed when using PPIs among patients with a high risk of hepato-biliary-pancreatic cancer.</p>