AUTHOR=Jiang Hongfang , Bai Xue 

TITLE=Apolipoprotein A-I mimetic peptides (ApoAI MP) improve oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in Parkinson’s disease mice

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Pharmacology

VOLUME=13

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pharmacology/articles/10.3389/fphar.2022.966232

DOI=10.3389/fphar.2022.966232

ISSN=1663-9812

ABSTRACT=<p><bold>Purpose:</bold> Parkinson’s disease (PD) is closely associated with oxidative stress and inflammatory situation. Apolipoprotein A-I mimetic peptides (ApoAI MP) have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. We aimed to study the therapeutic effect of ApoAI MP on PD mice, and to explore the related mechanisms.</p><p><bold>Methods:</bold> PD mice were induced by using 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrathydropyridine (MPTP). The model mice were treated with different concentrations of ApoAI MP. The open-field behavioral test assesses the total distance moved, the rest time, and the number of crossings and Rota-rod was used to evaluate motor coordination. Oxidative stress was identified by measuring the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathionperoxidase (GSH-Px), malondialdehyde, ROS and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>. Inflammatory situation was analyzed by measuring the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Meanwhile, the scavenging activities of ApoAI MP for ABTS, DPPH, hydroxyl radical and superoxide anion, and the effects of the peptide on neurotransmitters were evaluated.</p><p><bold>Results:</bold> PD model establishment increased oxidative stress and inflammatory status by increasing the concentrations of ROS and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> production, and the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 (<italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.05). ApoAI MP intervention improved PD symptoms by reducing the total moved distance and the number of passes (<italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.01), and the falling times from Rota-rod, and increasing rest time (<italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.05). ApoAI MP increased antioxidant properties by increasing the activities of SOD, CAT and GSH-Px, and reducing MDA concentration (<italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.05). ApoAI MP addition reduced oxidative stress by scavenging ABTS, DPPH, hydroxyl radicals and superoxide anion and reducing the concentrations of ROS and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> production (<italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.05). ApoAI MP treatment increased anti-inflammatory capacities by reducing the concentrations of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 (<italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.05). HPLC analysis showed that the peptide treatment improved neurotransmitters.</p><p><bold>Conclusion:</bold> ApoAI MP can improve the behavioral performance of PD mice by improving antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacities.</p>