AUTHOR=Buabeid Manal Ali , Yaseen Hafiza Sidra , Asif Muhammad , Murtaza Ghulam , Arafa El-Shaimaa A. 

TITLE=Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Angiogenic Aattributes of Moringa olifera Lam. and its Nanoclay-Based Pectin-Sericin films

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Pharmacology

VOLUME=13

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pharmacology/articles/10.3389/fphar.2022.890938

DOI=10.3389/fphar.2022.890938

ISSN=1663-9812

ABSTRACT=<p><bold>Background:</bold> Inflammation is a strong reaction of the non-specific natural immune system that helps to start protective responses against encroaching pathogens and develop typical immunity against intruding factors. However, prolonged inflammation may lead to chronic autoimmune diseases. For thousands of years, medicinal plants have served as an excellent source of treatment for chronic pathologies such as metabolic diseases.</p><p><bold>Purpose:</bold> The present study aims to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic potential of <italic>Moringa olifera</italic> Lam. extract (<italic>MO</italic>) and <italic>Moringa</italic>-loaded nanoclay films.</p><p><bold>Methods:</bold> The extract preparation was done through the maceration technique using absolute methanol (99.7%) and labelled as <italic>Mo. Me</italic>. <italic>Mo. Me-</italic>loaded nanoclay-based films were prepared by using pectin and sericin (<xref ref-type="table" rid="T1">Table 1</xref>). The <italic>in vitro</italic> studies characterized the film thickness, moisture, and phytochemical contents. The <italic>in vivo</italic> anti-inflammatory tests involved using a cotton pellet-induced granuloma model assay. In addition, the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay was employed for angiogenesis activity.</p><p><bold>Results:</bold> The phytochemical analysis of the extract confirmed the presence of alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids and phytosterol. This extract contained quercetin in a large quantity. Cotton-pellet induced granuloma model study revealed a comparable (<italic>p</italic> &gt; 0.05) effect of a high dose of <italic>Mo. Me</italic> (500 mg/kg) as compared with standard drug. Noteworthy, data obtained through the RT-PCR technique manifested the dose-dependent anti-oedematous effect of <italic>Moringa olifera</italic> via downregulation of TNF-α and interleukin-1ß. The findings of the CAM assay exhibited a remarkable anti-angiogenic activity of <italic>Mo. Me</italic> loaded nanoclay films, showing diffused vasculature network in the macroscopic snapshot.</p><p><bold>Conclusion:</bold><italic>Moringa olifera</italic> and its nanocomposite films have therapeutic potential against inflammation.</p>