AUTHOR=Goldblatt David L. , Valverde Ha Gabriella , Wali Shradha , Kulkarni Vikram V. , Longmire Michael K. , Jaramillo Ana M. , Chittuluru Rosha P. , Fouts Adrienne , Martinez-Moczygemba Margarita , Lei Jonathan T. , Huston David P. , Tuvim Michael J. , Dickey Burton F. , Evans Scott E. TITLE=Epithelial immunomodulation by aerosolized Toll-like receptor agonists prevents allergic inflammation in airway mucosa in mice JOURNAL=Frontiers in Pharmacology VOLUME=13 YEAR=2022 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pharmacology/articles/10.3389/fphar.2022.833380 DOI=10.3389/fphar.2022.833380 ISSN=1663-9812 ABSTRACT=
Allergic asthma is a chronic inflammatory respiratory disease associated with eosinophilic infiltration, increased mucus production, airway hyperresponsiveness, and airway remodeling. Epidemiologic data reveal that the prevalence of allergic sensitization and associated diseases has increased in the twentieth century. This has been hypothesized to be partly due to reduced contact with microbial organisms (the hygiene hypothesis) in industrialized society. Airway epithelial cells, once considered a static physical barrier between the body and the external world, are now widely recognized as immunologically active cells that can initiate, maintain, and restrain inflammatory responses, such as those that mediate allergic disease. Airway epithelial cells can sense allergens