AUTHOR=Cattaneo Dario , Gidaro Antonio , Rossi Antonio , Merlo Andrea , Formenti Tiziana , Meraviglia Paola , Antinori Spinello , Gervasoni Cristina 

TITLE=Management of diabetes mellitus in people living with HIV: A single-center experience

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Pharmacology

VOLUME=Volume 13 - 2022

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pharmacology/articles/10.3389/fphar.2022.1082992

DOI=10.3389/fphar.2022.1082992

ISSN=1663-9812

ABSTRACT=Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is more common in people living with HIV (PLWH) than in HIV-negative patients. Here we aimed to describe the response of PLWH with DM to glucose-lowering therapies in a reference hospital of northern Italy.
Setting: 200 PLWH and DM were identified from the database of our clinic. 
Methods: Good control of DM was defined as having fasting glucose <130 mg/dL or HbA1c <53 mmol/mol. Hypercholesterolemia was defined as being on a lipid-lowering medication and having low-density lipoproteins (LDL) >100 mg/dL. The distribution of glucose-lowering therapies in PLWH was compared with that of HIV-negative patients with DM.
Results: Mean total fasting glucose and HbA1C were 143±50 mg/dL (51% exceeding the 130 mg/dL cutoff) and 51 ±16 mmol/mol (30% exceeding the 53 mmol/mol cutoff), respectively. 
PLWH were less treated with dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (1.7% versus 9.6%, p<0.01) and sulfonylureas (3.3% versus 13.2%, p<0.01), being conversely more frequently treated with metformin (53.8% versus 37.7%, p<0.01), glifozins plus metformin (7.1% versus 2.0%, p<0.05) or insulin plus other glucose-lowering agents (5.5% versus 0.5%, p<0.01). 
Conclusions: These evidences suggest that a rationale selection of the best glucose-lowering and lipid-lowering agents for each antiretroviral therapy would improve the quality of life of PLWH.