AUTHOR=Abdulhafiz Ferid , Reduan Mohd Farhan Hanif , Hisam Anwar Hazim , Mohammad Ibtihal , Abdul Wahab Ikarastika Rahayu , Abdul Hamid Fathin Faahimaah , Mohammed Arifullah , Nordin Muhammad Luqman , Shaari Rumaizi , Bakar Luqman Abu , Kari Zulhisyam Abdul , Wei Lee Seong , Goh Khang Wen , Ahmad Mohd Zain Muhammad Rajaei 

TITLE=LC–TOF-MS/MS and GC-MS based phytochemical profiling and evaluation of wound healing activity of Oroxylum Indicum (L.) Kurz (Beka)

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Pharmacology

VOLUME=13

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pharmacology/articles/10.3389/fphar.2022.1050453

DOI=10.3389/fphar.2022.1050453

ISSN=1663-9812

ABSTRACT=<p><bold>Background:</bold> Beka (<italic>Oroxylum indicum</italic> (L.) Kurz) has been used as a culinary herb and natural remedy by the local communities in Malaysia. The leaf of <italic>O. indicum</italic> is traditionally used for the treatment of diarrhea, high blood pressure, and improving digestive health.</p><p><bold>Objectives:</bold> The present study was conducted to evaluate the phytochemical constituents and wound healing properties (<italic>in vitro</italic> and <italic>in vivo</italic> models) of aqueous and ethanol extracts of <italic>O. indicum</italic> leaves.</p><p><bold>Methods:</bold> The total phenolic (TPC) and total flavonoid (TFC) contents in the plant extracts were determined by the spectrophotometric methods. Further, the extract was characterized by Liquid Chromatography Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (LC-TOF-MS/MS) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The wound healing activity was assessed using the <italic>in vitro</italic> scratch wound-healing assay and <italic>in vivo</italic> excisional wound model.</p><p><bold>Results:</bold> The results show the ethanol leaves extract had the higher TPC (164 mg GAE/g) when compared with the aqueous leaves extract (30 mg gallic acid equivalents/g). The ethanol leaves extract was also found to have higher TFC (101 mg Catechin equivalents/g) than the aqueous leaves extract (76 mg Catechin equivalents/g). The ethanol leaves extract was then used for further chemical analysis. The LC–TOF-MS/MS analysis showed that the leaves extracts of <italic>O. indicum</italic> contains many important compounds such as Orientin, Chrysin, Pinoquercetin, Cupressuflavone, Puerarin xyloside, Forsythiaside and Paederoside. In GC-MS analysis, 19 compounds were identified in ethanolic leaves extract. The wound healing studies shows that <italic>O. indicum</italic> has promising wound healing activity by increasing the rate of wound contraction significantly (<italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.05).</p><p><bold>Conclusion:</bold> In conclusion, the present study showed that <italic>O. indicum</italic> leaf contains important phytochemicals and the wound healing potential of the <italic>O. indicum</italic> extract may probably be as a result of the presence of various phytoconstituents.</p>